Sedimentary characteristics and favourable area selection of tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the Sanjianfang Formation of the Shengbei Depression, Tuha Basin
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摘要:
胜北凹陷是吐哈盆地最大的富油气洼陷, 随着对中侏罗统三间房组致密砂岩气勘探开发的需求强烈, 亟需对三间房组沉积特征进行研究, 预测有利勘探区带。通过岩心观察、测井和地震资料分析等手段, 结合高分辨率层序地层学对胜北凹陷中侏罗统三间房组致密砂岩气藏沉积特征进行研究, 建立三角洲-湖泊沉积体系, 预测了致密气藏有利勘探区带。吐哈盆地胜北凹陷三间房组发育3个长期层序(L1, L2, L3)和5个中期层序(M1, M2, M3, M4, M5), 中期旋回区域对比良好。M1~M3层序沉积期, 主要发育辫状河三角洲-湖泊沉积体系; M4~M5层序沉积期为曲流河三角洲-湖泊。胜北凹陷三间房组有利储层的砂体主要发育于三角洲前缘亚相。平面上M2层序沉积期胜北5井和胜深3井井区、M3层序沉积期胜北5井和胜北6井井区及东北部和M5层序沉积期胜北5井、胜北6井和胜探1井井区为有利勘探区, M4层序沉积期有利储层整体不发育。该研究成果对促进吐哈盆地胜北凹陷三间房组致密气藏勘探具有指导意义。
Abstract:Objective The Shengbei Depression is the largest petroliferous depression of the Tuha Basin. With the strong demand for the exploration and development of tight sandstone gas in the Middle Jurassic Sanjianfang Formation, it is urgent to study the sedimentary characteristics and predict favourable exploration zones of the Sanjianfang Formation.
Methods Using core, well logging, and seismic data, the high-resolution sequences and sedimentary characteristics of the tight sandstone gas reservoir in the Sanjianfang Formation of the Shengbei Depression were studied. A lacustrine delta system was identified, and favourable exploration zones of tight gas reservoirs were predicted.
Results Three long-term sequences (L1, L2, L3) and five medium-term sequences (M1, M2, M3, M4, M5) were developed in the Sanjianfang Formation in the Shengbei Depression; particularly, these medium-term sequences can be regionally identified. The deposition of the M1 to M3 sequences involved a braided river delta in the lake, but the deposition of the M4-M5 sequences involved a meandering river delta in the lake. The favourable tight gas reservoirs of the Sanjianfang Formation in the Shengbei Depression were mainly developed in subfacies of the delta front. On the plane, the Shengbei 5 and Shengshen 3 well areas of the M2 sequence, the Shengbei 5 and Shengbei 6 well areas of the M3 sequence, and the Shengbei 5, Shengbei 6, and Shengtan 1 well areas of the M5 sequence are favorable exploration areas. The favorable reservoir rarely appears in the M4 sequence.
Conclusion This research can promote the exploration of tight gas reservoirs in the Sanjianfang Formation of the Shengbei Depression in the Tuha Basin.
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图 1 吐哈盆地胜北凹陷构造位置图
Figure 1. Structural location map of the Shengbei Depression in the Tuha Basin
图 2 胜北凹陷中侏罗统三间房组层序地层与沉积相综合柱状图
Figure 2. Sedimentary facies and stratigraphic sequence of the Middle Jurassic Sanjianfang Formation in the Shengbei Depression
图 3 胜北凹陷中侏罗统三间房组层序地层地层格架
Figure 3. Sequence stratigraphic framework of the Middle Jurassic Sanjianfang Formation in the Shengbei Depression
图 4 胜北凹陷中侏罗统三间房组连井相沉积相对比图
Figure 4. Comparison of sedimentary facies of the Middle Jurassic Sanjianfang Formation in the well cross-section of the Shengbei Depression
图 5 胜北凹陷中侏罗统三间房组M1层序沉积相图
Figure 5. Sedimentary facies of the M1 sequence of the Middle Jurassic Sanjianfang Formation in the Shengbei Depression
图 6 胜北凹陷中侏罗统三间房组M2层序沉积相图
Figure 6. Sedimentary facies of the M2 sequence of the Middle Jurassic Sanjianfang Formation in the Shengbei Depression
图 7 胜北凹陷中侏罗统三间房组M3层序沉积相图
Figure 7. Sedimentary facies of the M3 sequence of the Middle Jurassic Sanjianfang Formation in the Shengbei Depression
图 8 胜北凹陷中侏罗统三间房组M4层序沉积相图
Figure 8. Sedimentary facies of the M4 sequence of the Middle Jurassic Sanjianfang Formation in the Shengbei Depression
图 9 胜北凹陷中侏罗统三间房组M5层序沉积相图
Figure 9. Sedimentary facies of the M5 sequence of the Middle Jurassic Sanjianfang Formation in the Shengbei Depression
图 10 胜北凹陷三间房组有利区带综合评价图
Figure 10. Comprehensive evaluation of favourable zones in the Sanjianfang Formation of the Shengbei Depression
表 1 研究区中侏罗统主要沉积相类型
Table 1. Main sedimentary facies types of the Middle Jurassic in the study area
沉积体系 沉积相 亚 相 微 相 主要岩性组合 层位 三角洲体系 辫状河三角洲 三角洲前缘 水下分流河道、分流间湾 含砾砂岩和中、细砂岩及暗色泥岩 三间房组下部 前三角洲 前三角洲泥 粉砂岩、泥质粉砂岩、泥岩 曲流河三角洲 三角洲前缘 水下分流河道、分流间湾、河口坝 中、细砂岩及紫色泥岩 三间房组上部 前三角洲 前三角洲泥 粉砂岩、泥质粉砂岩、泥岩 湖泊体系 湖泊 (半)深湖 (半)深湖泥 暗色粉砂泥岩、暗色泥岩 七克台组 (极)浅湖 (极)浅湖泥、浅湖砂坝 粉砂质泥岩、暗色泥岩、紫色泥岩 
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