塔里木盆地塔河油田塔深5井震旦系原油地球化学特征及地质意义

罗明霞; 曹自成; 徐勤琪; 刘永立; 尚凯

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230194

塔里木盆地塔河油田塔深5井震旦系原油地球化学特征及地质意义

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230194

中国石化西北油田分公司, 乌鲁木齐 830011

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金企业创新发展联合基金项目 U21B2063

中国石化科技部项目 P21048-1

详细信息

通讯作者:
罗明霞, E-mail: luomingxia0717@163.com

中图分类号: P618.13
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- 文章访问数: 470
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-04-13
- 录用日期: 2023-07-30
- 修回日期: 2023-07-27

Geochemical characteristics and geological significance of Sinian crude oil from Well Tashen 5, Tahe Oilfield, Tarim Basin

Northwest Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Urumqi 830011, China

More Information

Corresponding author: LUO Mingxia, E-mail: luomingxia0717@163.com

摘要

摘要:
塔深5（TS5）井于2021年完钻，井深9 017 m，是目前亚洲第一深井，同时也是塔里木盆地台盆区第一口在8 780~8 840 m的上震旦统白云岩段获得油气突破的钻井，也是继轮探1井寒武系盐下突破后，超深层白云岩领域的又一重大发现。为了探究其油气成因，分别对TS5井震旦系凝析油和上部奥陶系重质油，及其邻区寒武系挥发油和奥陶系凝析油进行了有机地球化学特征对比。结果表明，TS5井震旦系凝析油和白云岩储层氯仿抽提物的正构烷烃系列均分布完整，指示了其生烃母质形成于强还原环境；其与奥陶系正常油-超重质油和雅克拉地区凝析油总体具有相似的生物标志化合物和碳同位素分布特征，反映均具有相似的油源；其等效镜质体反射率（R_c）值为1.7%，成熟度高于奥陶系重质油、寒武系挥发油，与邻区凝析油相当，处于高成熟阶段。综合生物标志化合物和碳同位素证据，推测TS5井震旦系油气源来自下寒武统玉尔吐斯组，其与上覆玉尔吐斯组泥页岩构成良好的储盖组合，喜马拉雅晚期来自周边较低部位玉尔吐斯组生成的高成熟凝析油气，沿斜坡运移至震旦系白云岩构造圈闭内形成了一定规模的凝析气藏。TS5井震旦系油气突破，发现了新的含油气层系，丰富了超深层油气成藏过程，为塔里木盆地超深层勘探指明了新的探索方向。
- 塔里木盆地 /
- 震旦系白云岩 /
- 凝析气藏 /
- 玉尔吐斯组 /
- 热成熟度 /
- 原油 /
- 塔河油田
Abstract: Objective
The Well Tashen 5 that was completed in 2021 has a burial depth of 9 017 m and is currently the deepest drilling well in Asia. It is also the first hydrocarbon breakthrough in the dolomite sectionof Upper Sinian at a depth of 8 780-8 840 m in the Tarim Basin. This is a major discovery in the field of ultradeep dolomite after the breakthrough of the Cambrian subsalt from the Well Luntan 1.
Methods
To better understand the hydrocarbon generation process, the organic geochemical characteristics of the Sinian condensate and the Upper Ordovician heavy oil in the Well Tashen 5 and its neighboring Cambrian volatile oil and Ordovician condensate were compared.
Results
The n-alkane series of both the condensate and the chloroform extracted from dolomite are well distributed in the Sinian of the Well Tashen 5, indicating the domination of anoxic environment during the deposition of organic matter. Both biomarker compounds and carbon isotope distributions in the Sinian hydrocarbons of the Well Tashen 5 are similar to those of the Ordovician normal oils-ultraheavy oils and condensate oils of the Yakla region, implying the same hydrocarbon source between the Well Tashen 5 and the Yakla region. Equivalent vitrinite reflectance (R_c) in the Sinian hydrocarbons of the Well Tashen 5 is 1.7%, which is higher than the R_c of the Upper Ordovician heavy oil and Cambrian light oil but is comparable with condensate of nearby regions and belongs to the high maturity stage.It is reasonable to suggest that, the Sinian hydrocarbons of the Well Tashen 5 were mainly sourced from the overlying Lower Sinian Yurtus Formation that also was the seal rock layer. The high-maturity condensate was generated by the Yurtus Formation in the depression area during the Late Himalayan Period and was transported into the structure traps rich in Upper Sinian dolomites along the slope.
Conclusion
The breakthrough of Sinian hydrocarbons in the Well Tashen 5 has discovered a new hydrocarbon-bearing layer, displayed the process of ultradeep hydrocarbon formation, and indicated a new exploration direction for ultradeep exploration in the Tarim Basin.
- Tarim Basin /
- Sinian dolomite /
- gas condensate /
- Yuertusi Formation /
- thermal maturity /
- crude oil /
- Tahe Oilfield
注释:

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

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图 1 塔里木盆地塔北隆起构造单元分布及TS5井位置

Figure 1. Distribution of tectonic units in the Tabei uplift and location of Well TS5 in Tarim Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 塔河油田奥陶系油气藏类型分布图

Figure 2. Distribution of Ordovician oil and gas reservoir types in the Tahe Oilfield

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图 3 TS5井震旦系白云岩储层氯仿抽提物的三维荧光指纹图

Figure 3. Three-dimensional fluorescence fingerprints of extracts in Sinian oil sands from the Well TS5

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 TS5井震旦系原油及周缘原油族组分组成三角图

Figure 4. Triangular diagram of group component composition of the Sinian crude and peripheral crude in the Well TS5

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 TS5井与周缘区块原油饱和烃气相色谱图

Figure 5. Gas chromatogram of saturated hydrocarbons in crude oil from the Well TS5 and perimeter block

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图 6 TS5井及周缘不同层系典型原油的饱和烃质量色谱图

Figure 6. Mass chromatogram of saturated hydrocarbons in crude oil from Well TS5 and perimeter block

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 TS5井与相邻区块原油成熟度参数对比图

Figure 7. Comparison of crude oil maturity parameters from Well TS5 and perimeter block

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图 8 TS5井与相邻区块原油甲基菲系列成熟度对比图

Figure 8. Comparison of maturity of methyl phenanthrene series of crude oil in Well TS5 and adjacent blocks

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图 9 TS5井埋藏史和热史模拟结果

Figure 9. Results of burial history and thermal history simulations for the Well TS5

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图 10 TS5井与周缘区块原油族组分碳同位素分布对比图

Figure 10. Comparison of carbon isotope distribution of crude oil group components in Well TS5 and surrounding blocks

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图 11 塔河油田震旦系-奥陶系油气成藏模式图(剖面位置见图 1中剖面AB)

Figure 11. Oil and gas accumulation model diagram of Sinian-Ordovician in the Tahe Oilfield

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 塔河油田TS5井和塔河主体区、东南部、雅克拉地区不同层系原油物性对比

Table 1. Comparison of the physical properties of crude oil in the Well TS5 and different formations from the main, southeastern and Yakela areas of the Tahe Oilfield

区块	井号	深度/m	层位	20℃时密度/ (g·cm^-3)	运动黏度/ (mm²·s^-1)	含蜡量/%	含硫量/%	原油类型
塔河主体区	TS5	8 780~8 840	Z₂q	0.813 3	3.23	3.2	0.12	黄色轻质-凝析油
	TK6100	5 476.24~5 595.19	O_1-2y	1.004 0	7 339.68	3.66	1.95	黑色超重质油
	TK492	5 455~5 503.06	O_1-2y	0.938 3	536.03	3.76	2.13	黑色重质油
塔河东南部	AT27X	6 867.26~6 996.0	O₂yj	0.806 4	3.06	9.48	0.09	淡黄色凝析油
塔河东南部	AT40	7 106.72~7 257.0	O₂yj	0.815 2	4.85	5.07	0.05	淡黄色凝析油
雅克拉	YK11	5 426.85~5 431.0	Z	0.808 4	2.05	1.73	0.11	淡黄色凝析油
雅克拉	YK13	5 406.33~5 417.0	∈₃ql	0.799 6	2.12	4.18	0.10	淡黄色凝析油
注：Z₂q.奇格布拉克组；O_1-2y.鹰山组；O₂yj.一间房组；Z.震旦系；∈₃ql.下丘里塔格组

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表 2 TS5井、塔河和雅克拉地区原油地化指标

Table 2. Crude oil geochemical indicators for the Well TS5, Tahe and Yakela areas

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