准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷南部风城组火山岩油藏特征与聚集模式

尤新才; 晏奇; 李梦瑶; 党文龙; 高岗; 焦小冰; 吴俊; 安志渊; 朱伶俐; 白雨

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230249

准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷南部风城组火山岩油藏特征与聚集模式

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230249

尤新才^1,,
晏奇¹,
李梦瑶¹,
党文龙³,
高岗^{2a, 2b, ,},
焦小冰^{2a, 2b},
吴俊¹,
安志渊¹,
朱伶俐¹,
白雨¹

1.
新疆油田公司勘探与开发研究院, 新疆克拉玛依 834000
2a.
中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院, 北京 102249
2b.
中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室, 北京 102249
3.
中国石油长庆油田勘探开发研究院, 西安 710021

详细信息

作者简介:
尤新才, E-mail: youxc@petrochina.com.cn

通讯作者:
高岗, E-mail: gaogang2819@sina.com

中图分类号: P618.13
计量
- 文章访问数: 112
- PDF下载量: 13
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-05-05
- 录用日期: 2024-01-25
- 修回日期: 2024-01-22

Characteristics and accumulation mode of volcanic rock reservoir of the Fengcheng Formation in the southern of Mahu Sag, Junggar Basin

YOU Xincai^1
,,
YAN Qi¹,
LI Mengyao¹,
DANG Wenlong³,
GAO Gang^{2a, 2b
, ,},
JIAO Xiaobing^{2a, 2b},
WU Jun¹,
AN Zhiyuan¹,
ZHU Lingli¹,
BAI Yu¹

1.
Exploration & Development Institute, Xinjiang Oil Field Company, Karamay Xinjiang 834000, China
2a.
School of Earth Sciences, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
2b.
The State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
3.
Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi'an 710021, China

More Information

Author Bio:
YOU Xincai, E-mail: youxc@petrochina.com.cn

Corresponding author: GAO Gang, E-mail: gaogang2819@sina.com

摘要

摘要:
为明确玛南斜坡区风二段顶部薄层风化壳火山岩油藏油气富集规律及主控因素, 对研究区火山岩特征、油藏特征和油气富集特征进行了综合分析, 建立了斜坡区火山岩的油气聚集模式。研究表明, 玛湖凹陷南部风二段主要发育玄武岩和凝灰岩, 其中火山溢流相的玄武岩发育较高渗透性的储集层, 油气最为富集。原油整体属于中-高黏度、轻质-中质含蜡原油, 其C₂₀、C₂₁、C₂₃三环萜烷分布呈山峰型, 三环萜烷相对含量明显较高。原地烃源岩与原油相比, 其三环萜烷分布呈上升型, 生物标志化合物成熟度参数也显示出更低成熟度的特征, 结合研究区原油碳同位素特征与风城组烃源岩一致的研究结果, 认为研究区油藏受到多期的油气充注。研究区火山岩的垂向与横向非均质强, 原油密度随深度增加而降低, 认为油气主要沿火山岩之下的渗透性地层由低部位向高部位运移, 在浮力作用下向上进入火山岩储集层中, 并在储层物性相对较好, 且保存条件良好的构造圈闭或岩性圈闭中聚集成藏, 为典型的"斜坡区构造-岩性-多期火山岩油气藏成藏模式"。
- 火山岩 /
- 油气聚集模式 /
- 风城组 /
- 玛南地区 /
- 准噶尔盆地
Abstract: Objective
To clarify the oil and gas accumulation patterns and main controlling factors of the thin weathered crust volcanic rock reservoir at the top of Member 2 of the Fengcheng Formation in the southern Mahu Sag(Manan Sag).
Methods
This paper provides a comprehensively analyses of the volcanic rock characteristics, reservoir properties, and oil and gas geological features. Furthmore, an oil and gas accumulation model for volcanic rocks in the slope area is established.
Results
Research has shown that Member 2 of the Fengcheng Formation in the southern Mahu Sag is mainly composed of basalt and tuff. The basalt with the volcanic overflow phase developed high-permeability reservoirs abundant in oil and gas. Overall, the crude oil is medium-high viscosity and light-medium waxy. Its distribution pattern of C₂₀, C₂₁, and C₂₃ tricyclic terpanes resembles a mountain peak, showing a significantly higher relative content of tricyclic terpanes. In contrast to crude oil, the distribution of tricyclic terpanes in in-situ source rocks demonstrates an upward pattern, with maturity parameters of biomarkers also displaying lower maturity characteristics. Based on the consistent research results of the carbon isotope characteristics of crude oil in the study area and in the Fengcheng Formation source rocks, it is infered that the oil reservoir in the study area has undergone multistage oil and gas charging.
Conclusion
The volcanic rocks in the study area exhibit strong vertical and horizontal heterogeneities, with crude oil density decreasing with depth. It is believed that oil and gas mainly migrate from low to high parts along permeable strata below volcanic rocks and enter volcanic rock reservoirs under buoyancy. They accumulate reservoirs in structures or lithological traps with relatively good reservoir properties and preservation conditions. This is a typical slope area-structure lithology-multistage volcanic rock oil and gas reservoir formation model.
- volcanic rock /
- accumulation mode /
- Fengcheng Formaiton /
- the southern of Mahu Sag /
- Junggar Basin
注释:

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

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图 1 准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷构造位置(a)及玛南地区范围(b)和地层综合柱状图(c)

Figure 1. Structural location (a), Manan area range(b) and stratigraphic colume(c) in Mahu Sag, Junggar Basin

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图 2 玛湖凹陷南部风二段不同火山岩岩相(a)及岩性(b)平面分布图

Figure 2. Rock facies(a) and lithology(b) distribution of Member 2 of the Fengcheng Formation volcanic rocks in the Manan area

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图 3 玛湖凹陷南部风二段火山岩储层样品岩性特征及孔隙类型图

a.玛湖5井，灰色安山岩, 4 272.20 m, 溶蚀孔隙发育；b.克207井，灰色玄武岩，4 728.15 m, 溶蚀孔隙、微裂缝发育；c.克204井，灰色玄武岩，4 335.80 m, 发育粒间孔和溶蚀孔；d.克207井，灰色玄武岩，4 731.75 m, 粒间溶蚀孔发育

Figure 3. Lithologic feature and pore types of Member of the Fengcheng Formation volcanic rock reservoir in the Manan area

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图 4 玛南地区火山岩储层渗透率-孔隙度关系(a)及其不同岩性孔隙度(b)和渗透率(c)频数分布图

Figure 4. Relationship between permeability and porosity(a), frequency distribution of porpsity(b) and permeability(c) of the volcanic rock reservoir in the Manan area

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图 5 玛南地区风二段火山岩储层深度与孔隙度(a)和渗透率(b)关系图及其频率分布图(c, d)

Figure 5. Relationship between depth with porosity(a) and permeability(b) and their frequency distribution (c, d) of the volcanic rock reservoir in the Manan area

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图 6 玛南地区风二段凝灰岩(a)、安山岩(b)和玄武岩(c)厚度分布与油气测试结果叠合图

Figure 6. Supperimposed map of the tuff(a), esite(b), and basalt(c) thickness distribution and oil and gas testing results of Member 2 of the Fengcheng Formation in the Manan area

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图 7 玛南地区风二段不同岩性火山岩原油黏度和密度(a)以及含蜡量和密度(b)交会图

Figure 7. Cross plots of the crude oil density versus viscosity(a) and density versus wax content(b) of different volcanic rocks in Member 2 of the Fengcheng Formation, Manan area

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图 8 玛南地区风城组火山岩原油与不同层位烃源岩抽提物碳同位素值对比(据文献[9]修改，地层代号同图 1)

Figure 8. Comparison of carbon isotope values between crude oil from the Fengcheng Formation volcanic rocks in the Manan area and extracts from source rocks of different horizons

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图 9 玛南地区风二段火山岩原油(a)及原地烃源岩(b)饱和烃气相色谱-质谱图(Pr.姥鲛烷；Ph.植烷；TT.三环萜烷)

Figure 9. Gas chromatogram-mass spectrum(GC-MS) of crude oil(a) from Member 2 of the Fengcheng Formation volcanic rocks and in-situ source rock(b) in the Manan area

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图 10 玛南地区原油与烃源岩生物标志化合物成熟度参数对比图(据文献[38]修改)

Figure 10. Comparison of the maturity parameters of biomarker between crude oil and source rocks in the Manan area

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图 11 玛南地区检乌27井-克202井-金龙55井风二段火山岩油气剖面图

Figure 11. Oil reservoir section map of Member 2 of the Fengcheng Formation volcanic rock from Well Jianwu 27 to Well Ke 202 to Well Jinlong 55 in the Manan area

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图 12 玛南地区克208井-玛湖025井-金龙35井风二段火山岩油气剖面图

Figure 12. Oil reservoir section map of Member 2 of the Fengcheng Formation volcanic rock from Well Ke 208 to Well Mahu 025 to Well Jinlong 35 in the Manan area

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图 13 玛南地区风城组火山岩油藏聚集模式图(地层代号同图 1)

Figure 13. Accumulation model of volcanic rock reservoir in the Fengcheng Formation, Manan area

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表 1 玛南地区风二段、风三段火山岩油层试油结果数据

Table 1. Oil testing results of Member 2 and Member 3 of the Fengcheng Formation volcanic rocks in the Manan area

井号	深度段/m	层位	岩性	日产油/t	日产气/10⁴ m³	日产水/m³	试油结论
克201	4 143~4 158	P₁f₂	玄武岩	19.80	0.202	—	油层
克204	4 371~4 388	P₁f₂		50.80	0.611	—	油层
克204	4 323~4 334	P₁f₃		2.65	—	12.83	含油水层
克205	4 465~4 477	P₁f₂		0.40	—	—	含油层
克206	4 610~4 626.5	P₁f₂		—	—	28.15	水层
克80	4 378~4 392	P₁f₂		67.17	0.960	51.87	油水同层
克811	3 718~3 730	P₁f₂		6.40	—	9.79	油水同层
玛湖16	4 424~4 437	P₁f₂		10.70	—	27.50	油水同层
玛湖5	4 272~4 296	P₁f₂		13.36	—	—	油层
金龙51	4 442~4 454	P₁f₂		21.54	—	—	油层
白261	3 032~3 044	P₁f₂	凝灰岩	5.74	—	33.10	油水同层
玛湖15	3 962~3 972	P₁f₃		0.30	—	6.51	含油水层
玛湖063	4 071~4 136	P₁f₂		—	—	16.72	水层
克89	3 572~3 592	P₁f₃		—	—	22.33	水层
克81	3 885~3 900	P₁f₂	安山岩	0.37	—	6.80	含油水层
克88	3 206~3 220	P₁f₂	安山岩	—	0.034	13.99	水层
克201	3 962~3 980	P₁f₂	辉绿岩	15.89	0.309	5.70	油水同层
注：P₁f₂，P₁f₃.下二叠统风城组二段、三段，下同

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表 2 玛南地区风二段火山岩原油物性参数

Table 2. Crude oil physical properties of volcanic rocks from Member 2 of the Fengcheng Formation in the Manan area

井号	试油结论	岩性	平均深度/m	地面原油密度/(g·cm^-3)	黏度(50℃)/(mPa·s)	含蜡量w_B/%
白261	油水同层	凝灰岩	3 038.25	0.863 6	13.77	7.22
克811	油水同层	玄武岩	3 724.00	0.903 0	55.59	—
克202	油水同层	辉绿岩	3 971.00	0.877 8	29.27	4.44
玛湖025	油层	玄武岩	4 115.00	0.871 3	20.995	—
克201	油层	玄武岩	4 150.50	0.853 5	9.59	5.53
克204	油层	玄武岩	4 379.50	0.891 2	40.41	5.80
克80	油水同层	玄武岩	4 385.00	0.837 0	6.57	5.52
玛湖16	油水同层	玄武岩	4 430.50	0.866 9	14.69	4.71
金龙51	油层	玄武岩	4 448.00	0.832 1	7.21	8.62

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表 3 玛南地区火山岩原油与烃源岩生标物成熟度参数与原油碳同位素数据

Table 3. Biomarker maturity parameters of volcanic rock crude oil and source rock and carbon isotopes of crude oil in the Manan area

井号	样品描述	深度/m	S/(S+R)-ααα-C₂₉甾烷	ββ/(αα+ββ)-20R-C₂₉甾烷	重排/(重排+规则)-C₂₉甾烷	原油碳同位素/‰
金龙17	原油	3 793.00	0.503	0.585	0.194	-29.15
金龙51		4 448.00	0.481	0.582	0.199	-31.22
克80		4 385.00	0.474	0.623	0.162	—
克811		3 807.00	0.449	0.580	0.151	-28.90
克821		3 470.00	0.485	0.573	0.189	-29.25
克204		4 379.50	0.479	0.572	0.170	-28.60
玛湖16		4 430.50	0.461	0.579	0.160	—
玛湖26		4 323.00	0.468	0.585	0.189	—
金龙55	烃源岩	5 007.29	0.521	0.575	0.175	—
玛湖26		4 513.50	0.479	0.578	0.151	—
玛湖28		4 842.73	0.461	0.591	0.194	—
玛湖28		4 842.60	0.470	0.601	0.176	—
玛湖28		4 843.40	0.472	0.595	0.176	—
玛湖28		4 840.35	0.459	0.580	0.151	—
玛湖28		4 842.00	0.466	0.596	0.168	—
玛湖28		4 932.80	0.455	0.604	0.169	—
玛湖282		4 576.17	0.479	0.556	0.144	—
玛湖39		5 341.59	0.468	0.573	0.175	—
玛湖39		5 347.37	0.451	0.616	0.176	—

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表 4 火山岩储层非均质性评价(据文献[40]修改)

Table 4. Evaluation table for the heterogeneity of volcanic rock reservoirs

分类	孔隙度			渗透率		评价
分类	变异系数	极差	突进系数	变异系数	突进系数	评价
Ⅰ	＜0.15	＜2	＜1.5	＜0.5	＜2	弱
Ⅱ	[0.15, 0.25]	[2, 4]	[1.5, 2.0]	[0.5, 0.7]	[2, 3]	中等
Ⅲ	＞0.25	＞4	＞2.0	＞0.7	＞3	强
研究区	0.98	124	4.35	8.72	112	强

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