留言板

尊敬的读者、作者、审稿人, 关于本刊的投稿、审稿、编辑和出版的任何问题, 您可以本页添加留言。我们将尽快给您答复。谢谢您的支持!

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

基于地球化学数据的斑岩型矿床蚀变矿物提取与综合成矿预测

张维康 张青 张成 高征西 许立权 曹磊 李奥冰 姜春伟

张维康, 张青, 张成, 高征西, 许立权, 曹磊, 李奥冰, 姜春伟. 基于地球化学数据的斑岩型矿床蚀变矿物提取与综合成矿预测[J]. 地质科技通报, 2024, 43(5): 105-116. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230274
引用本文: 张维康, 张青, 张成, 高征西, 许立权, 曹磊, 李奥冰, 姜春伟. 基于地球化学数据的斑岩型矿床蚀变矿物提取与综合成矿预测[J]. 地质科技通报, 2024, 43(5): 105-116. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230274
ZHANG Weikang, ZHANG Qing, ZHANG Cheng, GAO Zhengxi, XU Liquan, CAO Lei, LI Aobing, JIANG Chunwei. Alteration mineral identification and metallogenic prediction of porphyry deposits based on geochemical data[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2024, 43(5): 105-116. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230274
Citation: ZHANG Weikang, ZHANG Qing, ZHANG Cheng, GAO Zhengxi, XU Liquan, CAO Lei, LI Aobing, JIANG Chunwei. Alteration mineral identification and metallogenic prediction of porphyry deposits based on geochemical data[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2024, 43(5): 105-116. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230274

基于地球化学数据的斑岩型矿床蚀变矿物提取与综合成矿预测

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230274
基金项目: 

内蒙古自然资源厅勘查处综合预算项目“内蒙古北山成矿带金铜矿成矿关键问题研究及找矿预测” 

内蒙古自治区岩浆活动成矿与找矿重点实验室项目“内蒙古阿巴嘎旗北部银铅锌多金属矿成矿背景、机制及找矿方向” 

详细信息
    作者简介:

    张维康, E-mail: zhangwk@cug.edu.cn

    通讯作者:

    张青, E-mail: 736627211@qq.com

  • 中图分类号: P618

Alteration mineral identification and metallogenic prediction of porphyry deposits based on geochemical data

More Information
  • 摘要:

    传统的勘查地球化学工作侧重于成矿元素异常的提取、解释和评价, 忽略了与成矿作用相关的其他主、微量元素可能提供的找矿信息, 无法有针对性地从地球化学数据中开展蚀变矿物提取并指导找矿。本研究以矿物学的角度从地球化学数据中提取蚀变矿物并对研究区进行了成矿预测, 介绍了以地球化学数据为基础、以矿物化学式中不同元素间化学计量数比值为理论基础的蚀变矿物提取新方法——一般元素比分析法。基于北山造山带高石山地区1∶2.5万岩屑地球化学测量获得的地球化学数据研究表明, 从SiO2、Al2O3、Na2O、K2O等数据中可有效识别出与斑岩型矿床密切相关的绢云母、钾长石等蚀变矿物, 其中绢云母沿岩体边缘分布, 钾长石多集中分布于岩体的中心部位。综合提取出的蚀变矿物和岩浆岩、构造、传统化探异常等控矿因素和找矿信息, 进一步对研究区开展了证据权重法成矿预测, 共圈定靶区5处。本研究提取的蚀变信息在野外调查工作中得到了验证, 表明一般元素比分析法提取蚀变矿物是可行的, 可在传统成矿预测方法的基础上进一步提供关键找矿信息。

     

  • 图 1  守恒元素比-线性趋势图(a)和对数图(b) (据文献[23-24]修改)

    Figure 1.  Ratio of conserved elements-linear trend graph(a) and logarithmic graph(b)

    图 2  Pearce元素比分析法原理图解(a1)和一般元素比分析法原理图解(b1) (据文献[19]修改)

    dA/dC, dB/dC为岩石中迁移元素a, b, c摩尔数的变化趋势;m为守恒元素

    Figure 2.  Schematic diagrams of Pearce element ratio analysis(a1) and general element ratio analysis(b1)

    图 3  内蒙古北山构造单元分区简图(a) (据文献[31-32]修改) 和高石山地区地质及蚀变矿物分布图(b)

    Figure 3.  Sketchmap of the geotectonic unit of Beishan, Inner Mongolia(a) and geological and altered mineral distribution map of the Gaoshishan(b)

    图 4  高石山1∶2.5万岩屑测量K/Al和Na/Al一般元素比分析图解(a)和Ca、K、Na三元图解(b) (底图据文献[34-35])

    Figure 4.  K/Al versus Na/Al general element ratio plot from 1∶25 000 debris geochemical survey in the Gaoshishan(a) and Ca-K-Na ternary plot(b)

    图 5  高石山西侧岩体附近黄铁绢英岩(a)和高石山北三叠纪岩体中的钾长石脉(b)

    Figure 5.  Pyrite-sericite-quartz alteration near the western Gaoshishan intrusion (a) and K-feldspar veins in the Triassic northern Gaoshishan intrusion (b)

    图 6  高石山地区1∶2.5万岩屑地球化学测量Cu-Mo-Au等6种元素异常与蚀变矿物空间关系(地质底图图例同图 3)

    Figure 6.  Spatial relationship between six element anomalies such as Cu-Mo-Au and altered minerals from 1∶25 000 debris geochemical survey in the Gaoshishan area

    图 7  高石山地区斑岩型铜钼金多金属矿证据权重法成矿预测图(地质底图图例同图 3)

    Figure 7.  Metallogenic prediction map of porphyry Cu-Mo-Au polymetallic deposit in the Gaoshishan area by evidence weight method

    表  1  常见蚀变矿物化学式

    Table  1.   Chemical formula of common altered minerals

    矿物 化学式
    高岭土 Al4(Si4O10)(OH)8
    绢云母 KAl3Si3O10(OH)2
    碳酸盐类 Ca(Fe, Mg)(CO3)2
    钠长石 NaAlSi3O8
    钾长石 KAlSi3O8
    石膏 CaSO4
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  高石山地区斑岩型铜钼金多金属矿成矿预测各证据因子及其权重值

    Table  2.   Evidence factors and weight values for metallogenic prediction of porphyry Cu-Mo-Au polymetallic deposit in the Gaoshishan area

    证据因子种类 证据因子名称 正权重值W+ 负权重值W- C
    地质变量 绢云母缓冲区500 m 1.06 -0.68 1.74
    钾长石缓冲区500 m 0.00 -0.08 0.08
    酸性-中酸性侵入岩缓冲区300 m 0.28 -0.67 0.95
    断裂构造缓冲区300 m 0.11 -0.20 0.31
    地球化学变量 Cu 1.97 -0.83 2.80
    Mo 1.95 -0.45 2.40
    Au 2.26 -1.52 3.78
    Ag 2.15 -0.84 2.99
    Pb 0.89 -0.14 1.03
    Zn 1.57 -0.42 1.99
    注:C=W+-W-,表示证据层与矿床(点)证据层的相关程度
    下载: 导出CSV
  • [1] 龚庆杰, 夏学齐, 刘宁强. 2011-2020中国应用地球化学研究进展与展望[J]. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 2020, 39(5): 927-944.

    GONG Q J, XIA X Q, LIU N Q. Research progress of applied geochemistry during the decade of 2011 to 2020 in China[J]. Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 2020, 39(5): 927-944. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [2] 齐亚彬, 尹明. 中国地质实验测试辉煌70年[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 2019.

    QI Y B, YIN M. Glorious 70 years of geological experiments in China[M]. Beijing: Geology Press, 2019. (in Chinese)
    [3] LI X L, YU Z S, XU J L, et al. The technique of high-pressure powder pressing with polyester film covering for XRF of geochemical samples[J]. X-Ray Spectrometry, 2023, 52(1): 2-12. doi: 10.1002/xrs.3147
    [4] JOLIVET L, LEPRINCE M, MONCAYO S, et al. Review of the recent advances and applications of LIBS-based imaging[J]. Spectrochimica Acta Part B(Atomic Spectroscopy), 2019, 151: 41-53. doi: 10.1016/j.sab.2018.11.008
    [5] 白金峰, 杜雪苗, 郭心玮, 等. 应用地球化学样品分析测试技术进展[J]. 物探化探计算技术, 2022, 44(6): 842-853.

    BAI J F, DU X M, GUO X W, et al. Advancement of sample analysis and testing technologies in applied geochemistry[J]. Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2022, 44(6): 842-853. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [6] 秦志军, 周豹, 苌笙任, 等. 鄂西北杀熊洞铌-稀土矿床烧绿石矿物学及地球化学特征及其形成机理[J]. 地质科技通报, 2023, 42(5): 150-160. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0197

    QIN Z J, ZHOU B, CHANG S R, et al. Mineralogy and geochemistry of pyrochlore from the Shaxiongdong Nb-REE deposit, northwestern Hubei Province: Implications for the niobium enrichment mechanism in carbonatites[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2023, 42(5): 150-160. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0197
    [7] 黄啸坤, 魏俊浩, 石文杰, 等. 基于汇水盆地的化探异常识别与评价: 以东昆仑乌拉斯太地区1∶5万水系沉积物地球化学测量为例[J]. 地质科技通报, 2023, 42(1): 324-338. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0093

    HUANG X K, WEI J H, SHI W J, et al. Identification of the geochemical anomalies using the catchment basin analysis: A case study of 1∶50 000 geochemical survey of stream sediments in Wulasitai region, East Kunlun Orogenic Belt[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2023, 42(1): 324-338. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0093
    [8] 谢学锦, 任天祥, 奚小环, 等. 中国区域化探全国扫面计划卅年[J]. 地球学报, 2009, 30(6): 700-716.

    XIE X J, REN T X, XI X H, et al. The implementation of the regional geochemistry-national reconnaissance program(RGNR)in China in the past thirty years[J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 2009, 30(6): 700-716. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [9] 史长义, 冯斌, 彭敏, 等. 勘查地球化学现状与展望[J]. 物探化探计算技术, 2022, 44(6): 671-697.

    SHI C Y, FENG B, PENG M, et al. Present status and prospects of exploration geochemistry[J]. Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2022, 44(6): 671-697. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [10] 奚小环, 李敏. 现代勘查地球化学科学体系概论: "十二五" 期间勘查成果评述[J]. 物探与化探, 2017, 41(5): 779-793.

    XI X H, LI M. Summary of modern exploration geochemistry scientific system: Commentary on exploration achievements obtained in the period of '12th Five-Year Plan'[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2017, 41(5): 779-793. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [11] 王学求. 勘查地球化学近十年进展[J]. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 2013, 32(2): 190-197.

    WANG X Q. A decade of exploration geochemistry[J]. Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 2013, 32(2): 190-197. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [12] 向洪流. 隐伏矿床勘查地球化学进展讨论[J]. 能源与环境, 2018(2): 51-52.

    XIANG H L. Discussion on the progress of geochemistry in the exploration of concealed ore deposits[J]. Energy and Environment, 2018(2): 51-52. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [13] 马生明, 朱立新. 热液成因有色金属矿多维异常体系: 以马头斑岩型钼铜矿为例[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2014, 44(1): 134-144.

    MA S M, ZHU L X. Multidimensional anomaly system for hydrothermal nonferrous metal deposits: Taking the Matou porphyry molybdenum copper mine in Anhui Province as an example[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2014, 44(1): 134-144. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [14] 马生明, 朱立新, 苏磊, 等. 矿化剂元素硫(S)与成矿[J]. 地质学报, 2016, 90(9): 2427-2436.

    MA S M, ZHU L X, SU L, et al. Mineralizing agent sulfur and metallogenic process[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2016, 90(9): 2427-2436. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [15] 王学求. 透视全球资源与环境, 实施"化学地球" 国际大科学计划[J]. 中国地质, 2017, 44(1): 201-202.

    WANG X Q. The initiative for international cooperation project of mapping chemical earth for sustaining global resources and environments[J]. Geology in China, 2017, 44(1): 201-202. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [16] 张东. 青海五龙沟金矿多属性地球化学异常研究[D]. 北京: 中国地质大学(北京), 2017.

    ZHANG D. Study on multiple attributes geochemical abnormal in Wulonggou gold deposit, Qinghai Province[D]. Beijing: China University of Geosciences(Beijing), 2017. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [17] NICHOLLS J. The statistics of Pearce element diagrams and the Chayes closure problem[J]. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 1988, 99(1): 11-24. doi: 10.1007/BF00399361
    [18] RUSSELL J K, STANLEY C R. A theoretical basis for the development and use of chemical variation diagrams[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1990, 54(9): 2419-2431. doi: 10.1016/0016-7037(90)90229-E
    [19] STANLEY C R. Molar element ratio analysis of lithogeochemical data: A toolbox for use in mineral exploration and mining[J]. Geochemistry(Exploration, Environment, Analysis), 2020, 20(2): 233-256. doi: 10.1144/geochem2019-033
    [20] URQUETA E, KYSER T K, CLARK A H, et al. Lithogeochemistry of the Collahuasi porphyry Cu-Mo and epithermal Cu-Ag(-Au)cluster, northern Chile: Pearce element ratio vectors to ore[J]. Geochemistry(Exploration, Environment, Analysis), 2009, 9(1): 9-17. doi: 10.1144/1467-7873/07-169
    [21] KRAMAR S M. Building a chemostratigraphic model to aid base metal exploration, Hanson Lake assemblage, flin flon domain, Saskatchewan, Canada[D]. Nova Scotia: Acadia University Wolfville, 2019.
    [22] RAILSBACK L B. An earth scientist's periodic table of the elements and their ions[J]. Geology, 2003, 31(9): 737-740. doi: 10.1130/G19542.1
    [23] WINCHESTER J A, FLOYD P A. Geochemical discrimination of different magma series and their different iation products using immobile elements[J]. Chemical Geology, 1977, 20: 325-343. doi: 10.1016/0009-2541(77)90057-2
    [24] SHERVAIS J W. Ti-V plots and the petrogenesis of modern and ophiolitic lavas[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 1982, 59(1): 101-118. doi: 10.1016/0012-821X(82)90120-0
    [25] PEARCE T H. A contribution to the theory of variation diagrams[J]. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 1968, 19(2): 142-157. doi: 10.1007/BF00635485
    [26] NICHOLLS J, RUSSELL J K. Igneous rock associations 20. Pearce element ratio diagrams: Linking geochemical data to magmatic processes[J]. Geoscience Canada, 2016, 43(2): 133-146. doi: 10.12789/geocanj.2016.43.095
    [27] 杨合群, 李英, 赵国斌, 等. 北山蛇绿岩特征及构造属性[J]. 西北地质, 2010, 43(1): 26-36.

    YANG H Q, LI Y, ZHAO G B, et al. Character and structural attribute of the Beishan ophiolite[J]. Northwestern Geology, 2010, 43(1): 26-36. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [28] 段海龙, 陈耀, 张青, 等. 北山成矿带月牙山-老硐沟地区铜多金属矿床成矿预测[J]. 地质科技通报, 2021, 40(5): 188-197. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0043

    DUAN H L, CHEN Y, ZHANG Q, et al. Metallogenic prediction of copper polymetallic deposit in the Yueyashan-Laodonggou area, Beishan Ore Belt[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2021, 40(5): 188-197. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0043
    [29] 辛后田, 牛文超, 田健, 等. 内蒙古北山造山带时空结构与古亚洲洋演化[J]. 地质通报, 2020, 39(9): 1297-1316.

    XIN H T, NIU W C, TIAN J, et al. Spatio-temporal structure of Beishan Orogenic Belt and evolution of Paleo-Asian Ocean, Inner Mongolia[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2020, 39(9): 1297-1316. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [30] 何世平, 任秉琛, 姚文光, 等. 甘肃内蒙古北山地区构造单元划分[J]. 西北地质, 2002, 35(4): 30-40.

    HE S P, REN B C, YAO W G, et al. The division of tectonic units of Beishan area, Gansu-Inner Mongolia[J]. Northwestern Geology, 2002, 35(4): 30-40. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [31] 内蒙古自治区地质调查研究院. 中国区域地质志·内蒙古志[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 2020.

    Geological Survey Institute of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Regional Geology of China·Inner Mongolia[M]. Beijing: Geology Press, 2020. (in Chinese)
    [32] 江彪, 王登红, 马玉波, 等. 北山及其相邻地区主要矿床类型、找矿新进展及方向[J]. 地质学报, 2022, 96(6): 2206-2216.

    JIANG B, WANG D H, MA Y B, et al. Main deposit types, new developments and new directions of prospecting in Beishan region and its adjacent areas[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2022, 96(6): 2206-2216. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [33] 樊永刚, 马生明, 贾玲珑. 内蒙古高石山地区铜多金属矿多维异常体系应用与示范[R]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古自治区地质调查院, 2018.

    FAN Y G, MA S M, JIA L L. Application and demonstration of multi-dimensional anomaly system of copper polymetallic ore in Gaoshishan area, Inner Mongolia[R]. Hohhot: Geological Survey Institute of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 2018. (in Chinese)
    [34] HALLEY S. Mapping magmatic and hydrothermal processes from routine exploration geochemical analyses[J]. Economic Geology, 2020, 115(3): 489-503. doi: 10.5382/econgeo.4722
    [35] ESCOLME A, BERRY R F, HUNT J, et al. Predictive models of mineralogy from whole-rock assay data: Case study from the productora Cu-Au-Mo deposit, Chile[J]. Economic Geology, 2019, 114(8): 1513-1542. doi: 10.5382/econgeo.2019.4650
    [36] 矫东风, 吕新彪, 胡光道, 等. 基于MORPAS平台的甘南Pb-Zn矿床远景区预测[J]. 地质与勘探, 2005, 41(3): 65-70.

    JIAO D F, LÜ X B, HU G D, et al. Pb-Zn perspective prognosis based on morpas in the south Gansu Province[J]. Geology and Prospecting, 2005, 41(3): 65-70. (in Chinese with English abstract)
  • 加载中
图(7) / 表(2)
计量
  • 文章访问数:  77
  • PDF下载量:  13
  • 被引次数: 0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2023-05-22
  • 录用日期:  2023-09-27
  • 修回日期:  2023-09-11

目录

    /

    返回文章
    返回