高压条件对页岩吸附水赋存特征的影响: 以重庆涪陵礁石坝地区页岩储层为例

周文宇; 王小明; 陈文文; 党正; 贺曼秋; 郑爱维; 刘莉

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230316

高压条件对页岩吸附水赋存特征的影响: 以重庆涪陵礁石坝地区页岩储层为例

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230316

1.
重庆市地震局, 重庆 401147
2.
中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院, 武汉 430074
3.
中石化重庆涪陵页岩气勘探开发有限公司, 重庆 408000
4.
中国石化江汉油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 武汉 430079

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 41972184

国家自然科学基金项目 42262022

地震科技星火计划项目“地震地磁垂直强度极化异常空间特征研究” XH20062

地震科技星火计划项目“基于脉冲幅度和电流定位的地磁垂直强度极化异常研究” XH23029A

详细信息

作者简介:
周文宇, E-mail: 1521789743@qq.com

通讯作者:
王小明, E-mail: sunwxm@cug.edu.cn

中图分类号: P618.13
计量
- 文章访问数: 224
- PDF下载量: 57
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-06-05
- 录用日期: 2023-07-19
- 修回日期: 2023-07-14

Influence of high-pressure conditions on the occurrence characteristics of shale adsorbed water: A case study of a shale reservoir in the Jiaoshiba area, Fuling, Chongqing

1.
Chongqing Earthquake Agency, Chongqing 401147, China
2.
School of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
3.
SINOPEC Chongqing Fuling Shale Gas Exploration and Development Co. Ltd., Chongqing 408000, China
4.
Exploration and Development Research Institute of SINOPEC Jianghan Oilfield Company, Wuhan 430079, China

More Information

Author Bio:
ZHOU Wenyu, E-mail: 1521789743@qq.com

Corresponding author: WANG Xiaoming, E-mail: sunwxm@cug.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
页岩普遍含水, 明确页岩吸附水的赋存特征对提高页岩气的排采效果具有重要意义。以重庆涪陵焦石坝地区JY11-4井和JY41-5井页岩岩心为研究对象, 通过自主设计页岩冷冻氮吸附实验和核磁共振实验流程, 分析了高压条件对页岩吸附水赋存特征的影响。结果表明: (1)常压条件下, 由"称重法"计算得到的样品单位质量吸附水体积平均值0.017 3 mL/g。赋存于微孔和介孔中的水体积总占比(平均值90.94%)明显高于赋存在大孔中的水体积占比(平均值9.06%), 这可能与相对压力较小时, 水分子无法占据页岩所有孔隙中的吸附位点, 大部分水分子凝聚在微孔和介孔中, 只有较少的水分子进入大孔中, 以及富黏土页岩在水吸附过程中小孔隙被水分子"充填堵塞"有关。(2)30 MPa饱和水压力条件下, 由"称重法"计算得到的样品单位质量吸附的水体积平均值为0.021 6 mL/g。赋存于微孔和介孔中水体积总占比(平均值40.26%)低于赋存在大孔中的水体积占比(平均值59.74%), 这可能与相对压力显著升高时, 水分子在毛细管力的作用下占据微孔和介孔内表面的吸附位点后, 仍能占据更多大孔内表面的吸附位点有关。(3)相比于常压, 高压条件会导致页岩单位质量吸附的水体积增加(实验中约增加25%)、大孔中的水体积占比高于微孔和介孔中的水体积总占比。(4)注水压裂时, 储层相对压力显著升高, 压裂液在毛细管力的作用下可能进入之前在原始储层压力下未能进入的大孔中来"缓解"原始页岩储层的"非饱和状态"。压裂完成后, 储层周围压力逐渐被释放, 原先进入页岩吸附孔隙中的压裂液可能难以克服其孔喉处的毛管阻力而难以返排。
- 压裂液 /
- 高压条件 /
- 水的赋存特征 /
- 冷冻氮吸附 /
- 核磁共振 /
- 涪陵焦石坝 /
- 页岩储层
Abstract: Objective
Shale generally contains water, and it is highly important to clarify the occurrence characteristics of adsorbed water in shale to improve the drainage effect of shale gas.
Methods
This study analysed shale cores from the JY11-4 and JY41-5 wells in the Jiaoshiba area of Fuling. The influence of high-pressure conditions on the occurrence characteristics of adsorbed water in shale was investigated using custom-designed frozen nitrogen adsorption experiments and nuclear magnetic resonance experiments.
Results and Conclusion
The results show that (1) under atmospheric pressure, the average volume of adsorbed water per unit mass calculated by the "weighing method" is 0.017 3 mL/g. The volume proportion of water in the micropores and mesopores (average of 90.94%) significantly exceeds that in the macropores (average of 9.06%). This may be because water molecules cannot occupy the adsorption sites in all the shale pores when the relative pressure is relatively low. Most water molecules condense in micropores and mesoporous pores, and only a few water molecules enter the macropores. In addition, the small and medium pores in clay-rich shale become "filled and blocked" by water molecules in the process of water adsorption. (2) Under a saturated water pressure of 30 MPa, the average adsorbed water volume per unit mass of the sample calculated by the "weighing method" is 0.021 6 mL/g. The volume proportions of water in the micropores and mesopores (average of 40.26%) is lower than that in macropores (average of 59.74%), which may be related to the fact that water molecules can occupy more adsorption sites on the inner surface of micropores and mesoporous pores under the action of capillary forces when the relative pressure is significantly increased. (3) Compared with normal pressure, high-pressure conditions increase the volume of water adsorbed per unit mass of shale (approximately 25% increase in the experiment), and the proportion of water volume in large pores is greater than that in micropores and mesoporous pores. (4) During hydraulic fracturing, the relative pressure of the reservoir increases significantly. Under the action of capillary forces, fracturing fluid may enter large pores that cannot enter under the pressure of the original reservoir to "relieve" the "unsaturated state" of the original shale reservoir. After fracturing is completed, the pressure around the reservoir is gradually released, and the fracturing fluid that originally enters the adsorption pores of the shale may have difficulty overcoming the capillary resistance at the pore, making it difficult to return.
- fracturing fluid /
- high pressure condition /
- occurrence characteristics of water /
- frozen nitrogen adsorption /
- nuclear magnetic resonance /
- Jiaoshiba, Fuling /
- shale reservoir
注释:

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

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图 1 采点位置及岩心照片

a.重庆市辖区边界；b.样品岩心照片；c.矿区边界及采点位置；d.目标井岩心柱状图及样品编号

Figure 1. Location of sample points and core photos

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 样品孔体积增量随孔隙直径变化曲线

Figure 2. Variation in sample pore volume increment with respect to pore diameter

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 样品水分布曲线

Figure 3. Water distribution curve of shale sample

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 样品核磁共振(NMR)T₂谱

Figure 4. Nuclear magnetic resonance T₂ spectrum of the sample

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 样品冷冻氮吸附结果参数

Table 1. Results of sample frozen nitrogen adsorption

样品号	原始样品		冷冻吸附样品
	BET比表面积/(m²·g^-1)	BJH总孔体积/(cm³·g^-1)	干燥质量/mg	平衡质量/mg	单位质量吸附水体积/(mL·g^-1)	BJH总孔体积/(cm³·g^-1)	根据BJH差值计算得到的单位质量吸附水体积/(mL·g^-1)	不同孔径范围内水体积占比/%		不同孔径范围内赋存的单位质量水体积/(mL·g^-1)
	BET比表面积/(m²·g^-1)	BJH总孔体积/(cm³·g^-1)	干燥质量/mg	平衡质量/mg	单位质量吸附水体积/(mL·g^-1)	BJH总孔体积/(cm³·g^-1)	根据BJH差值计算得到的单位质量吸附水体积/(mL·g^-1)	[0, 50] nm	＞50 nm	[0, 50] nm	＞50 nm
JY-1	20.960 1	0.023 4	2.571 7	2.619 5	0.018 6	0.021 9	0.002 5	85.42	14.58	0.002 1	0.000 4
JY-2	17.171 8	0.018 5	2.326 0	2.368 6	0.018 3	0.014 0	0.004 5	93.11	6.89	0.004 2	0.000 3
JY-3	14.817 5	0.017 6	2.378 6	2.420 9	0.017 8	0.013 9	0.003 7	92.16	7.84	0.003 4	0.000 3
JY-4	14.689 6	0.019 8	2.361 3	2.399 8	0.016 3	0.018 5	0.001 3	93.08	6.92	0.001 2	0.000 1
JY-5	19.027 4	0.021 5	2.338 2	2.378 2	0.017 1	0.019 4	0.002 2	87.62	12.38	0.001 9	0.000 3
JY-6	16.050 3	0.020 2	2.347 8	2.385 1	0.015 9	0.013 4	0.006 8	94.26	5.74	0.006 4	0.000 4
注：测试单位为中国地质大学(武汉)构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 样品吸附水赋存参数

Table 2. Occurrence parameters of sample adsorbed water

样品号	核磁孔隙度/%	干燥质量/g	饱水质量/g	进入样品的水体积/mL	单位质量吸附的水体积/(mL·g^-1)	不同孔径范围内赋存的水体积占比/%		不同孔径范围内赋存的单位质量水体积/(mL·g^-1)
样品号	核磁孔隙度/%	干燥质量/g	饱水质量/g	进入样品的水体积/mL	单位质量吸附的水体积/(mL·g^-1)	[0, 50] nm	＞50 nm	[0, 50] nm	＞50 nm
JY-1	6.46	60.52	62.19	1.67	0.022 8	39.42	60.58	0.009 0	0.013 8
JY-2	7.29	60.03	61.99	1.96	0.026 9	35.42	64.58	0.009 5	0.017 4
JY-3	5.61	62.33	63.98	1.65	0.021 9	40.66	59.34	0.008 9	0.013 0
JY-4	3.07	65.61	67.12	1.51	0.020 1	40.02	59.98	0.008 0	0.012 1
JY-5	4.09	62.05	63.31	1.26	0.018 5	42.86	57.14	0.007 9	0.010 6
JY-6	2.89	66.12	67.44	1.32	0.019 6	43.15	56.75	0.008 4	0.011 2
注：测试单位为太原理工大学煤与煤系气地质山西省重点实验室；表中“单位质量吸附的水体积”和“不同孔径范围内赋存的水体积占比”采用剔除T₂＞10 ms段后的数据计算所得

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