Sedimentary characteristics of the Lingshui Formation in the Baodao 21-1 area of the Qiongdongnan Basin and their significance in hydrocarbon exploration
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摘要:
近期在琼东南盆地宝岛21-1区发现了我国首个深水深层大气田, 对南海深水区深层油气勘探研究具有重要意义。基于宝岛21-1区最新获得的钻井和地震资料, 分析了上渐新统陵水组三段的沉积特征及其油气地质意义。结果表明, 陵三段沉积时期以双向物源为主, 早期扇三角洲沉积发育于邻近高地, 晚期辫状河三角洲沉积受NW向海南隆起物源和NE向神狐隆起物源的控制。此外, 陡坡和缓坡的沉积物搬运通道表现出较大差异。陵三段沉积演化可分为3个阶段: 由早期扇三角洲沉积、中期扇三角洲-辫状河三角洲沉积发展至晚期辫状河三角洲沉积, 物源区也从早期邻近高地的单向供源、中期邻近高地-神狐隆起的双向供源演化至晚期海南隆起-神狐隆起的双向供源。研究区邻近崖城组烃源岩, 发育12-1号断裂及伴生断裂, 形成构造-岩性圈闭, 成藏地质条件优越。宝岛21-1区气田的发现是我国深水油气勘探领域的重大突破, 指明了海相盆地中断裂转换带是未来深水勘探的关键区域。
Abstract:Objective The first deepwater and deep-stratum gas field was recently discovered in the Baodao 21-1 area of the Qiongdongnan Basin, which is of great significance for petroleum exploration in the deep-water area of the South China Sea.
Methods Based on the newly acquired drilling-seismic data, the sedimentary characteristics of the Third Member of the Upper Oligocene Lingshui Formation and their significance in hydrocarbon exploration were analyzed in the Baodao 21-1 area.
Results Bidirectional sediment provenances controlled the deposition of the Third Member of the Lingshui Formation, resulting in the early deposition of fan delta in the adjacent uplands and the late deposition of braided river delta fed by sediment sources of the Hainan Uplift on the northwest and the Shenhu Uplift on the northeast. In addition, the routes of sediment transport between steep and gentle slopes show great variability. The evolution of the sedimentary system in the Third Member of the Lingshui Formation can be divided into three stages, including the fan delta deposition in the early stage, the fan delta and braided river delta depositions in the middle stage, and the braided river delta deposition in the late stage. Correspondingly, the sediment provenances changed from the adjacent highlands in the early stage, to both adjacent highlands and Shenhu Uplift in the middle stage, and finally to both Hainan Uplift and Shenhu Uplift in the late stage. The Baodao 21-1 area is close to the hydrocarbon kitchen of the Yacheng Formation and it contains the No.12-1 Fault-Fracture systems and the tectonic-lithologic traps, favoring the petroleum accumulation.
Conclusion The discovery of the Baodao 21-1 gas field is a breakthrough in deepwater petroleum exploration in China, pointing out that the fracture transition zone of marine basins is a key area for future deepwater exploration.
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图 1 琼东南盆地构造单元图及研究区位置(修改自文献[2])
Figure 1. Tectonic units of the Qiongdongnan Basin and the study area location
图 2 琼东南盆地地层柱状图(修改自文献[36])
Figure 2. Stratigraphic column of the Qiongdongnan Basin
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