一种新型环剪仪的研制及其应用

陈琼; 崔德山; 张扬景皓; 朱俊峰

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230340

一种新型环剪仪的研制及其应用

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230340

1.
中国地质大学（武汉）工程学院，武汉 430074
2.
江苏永昌科教仪器制造有限公司，江苏常州 213300

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（42277171），中国地质大学（武汉）实验技术研究项目（SJ-202209）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈琼：E-mail：chenqiong@cug.edu.cn

通讯作者:
E-mail：cuideshan@cug.edu.cn

中图分类号: TU415
计量
- 文章访问数: 190
- PDF下载量: 28
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-06-14
- 录用日期: 2023-10-07
- 修回日期: 2023-09-30
- 网络出版日期: 2024-07-16

Development and application of a novel ring shear apparatus

1.
Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
2.
Yongchang Science and Education Instrument Manufacturing Co. Ltd., Changzhou Jiangsu 213300, China

More Information

Author Bio:
E-mail：chenqiong@cug.edu.cn

Corresponding author: E-mail: cuideshan@cug.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
研发一种测量并控制孔隙水压力的环剪仪能够获得试样受到的总应力、孔隙水压力和有效应力，从而有效地揭示试样应力-应变-孔隙水压力演化特征。采用自主研发的、可以控制排水条件的全自动环剪仪，实现了环剪过程中控制孔隙水压力，测量孔隙水压力、试样排水体积、扭矩和轴向位移等参数。以黄土坡滑坡滑带土为例，分别开展了固结排水环剪试验、固结不排水环剪试验、变孔隙水压力环剪试验和环剪试样渗透试验。试验结果表明：采用侧边密封+顶底部设置三通阀门的方式，可以保证环剪室承受0～1000 kPa的孔隙水压力；当下环剪盒底部进水阀打开并连接体积压力控制器时，可以控制孔隙水压力，测量某一孔隙水压力下试样排水或吸水体积，体积量程为0～200 cm³；当上环剪盒顶部出水阀打开并连接孔隙水压力传感器时，可以测量不排水条件下试样内部的孔隙水压力，其量程为0～1000 kPa。试验过程中，剪胀剪缩由轴向位移传感器来测量，其量程为0～10 mm；环剪力由高精度扭矩传感器测量，其量程为0～300 N·m。除了上述功能之外，结合新型环剪仪还可开展孔隙水压力动态变化对环剪强度的影响试验、固结或环剪过程中试样常水头渗透试验等。这种新型环剪仪可以精确地开展试样在大变形、不同孔隙水压力条件下的环剪试验，可以为揭示滑坡长距离滑动过程中孔隙水压力的演化机理提供技术支撑。
- 环剪仪 /
- 环剪试验 /
- 变孔隙水压力 /
- 常水头渗透试验 /
- 滑带土 /
- 滑坡
Abstract: Objective
This study aims to investigate the total stress, pore water pressure, and effective stress of samples by developing a new ring shear apparatus capable of measuring and controlling pore water pressure, effectively revealing the evolution characteristics of stress, strain, and pore water pressure in the samples.
Methods
A self-developed automatic ring shear apparatus that can control drainage conditions has achieved the control of pore water pressure during ring shear tests, and measuring parameters such as pore water pressure, sample drainage volume, torque, and axial displacement. Taking the Huangtupo landslide slip zone soil as an example, consolidation drained ring shear tests, consolidation undrained ring shear tests, variable pore pressure ring shear tests, and permeability tests were conducted separately.
Results
The results demonstrated that the ring shear chamber withstands pore water pressure from 0 to 1000 kPa using a side seal and three-way valves at the top and bottom. When the inlet valve at the bottom of ring shear box was opened and the volume pressure controller was controlled, the pore water pressure can be controlled, and the sample drainage or absorption volume under various pore pressures can be measured. With the outlet valve at the upper ring shear box opened, and a pore water pressure sensor connected, the undrained pore water pressure was measured in the range of 0-1000 kPa. During the test, the shear expansion and contraction were measured by an axial displacement sensors, with range of 0-10 mm, while ring shear force was measured with a torque sensor up to 300 N·m. Additionally, the new ring shear apparatus can be used to conduct tests on the influence of dynamic changes in pore water pressure on ring shear strength, as well as the constant head permeability during consolidation or ring shear processes.
Conclusion
The novel ring shear apparatus can accurately conduct ring shear tests on samples under large deformation and varying pore pressure conditions, offering technical support for revealing the evolution mechanism of pore water pressure during long-distance landslide sliding.
- ring shear apparatus /
- ring shear test /
- variable pore water pressure /
- constant head permeability test /
- landslide slip zone soil /
- landslide

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图 1 新型环剪仪及其组成

Figure 1. A novel ring shear apparatus and its composition

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图 2 滑带土环剪试验过程

a. 制样；b. 装样；c. 抽真空饱和；d. 固结环剪

Figure 2. Ring shear experimental process of sliding zone soil

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图 3 不同有效固结压力$\sigma_v' $下的环剪应力与剪切位移关系

Figure 3. Relationship between shear stress and displacement under different effective consolidation pressures

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图 4 环剪强度与有效固结压力关系

Figure 4. Relationship between ring shear strength and effective consolidation pressure

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图 5 不同有效固结压力$\sigma_v' $下体积应变与剪切位移关系

Figure 5. Evolution of volumetric strain versus shear displacement under different effective consolidation stresses

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图 6 不同有效固结压力$\sigma_v' $下环剪应力、孔隙水压力与剪切位移关系

Figure 6. Ring shear stress versus shear displacement and pore pressure versus shear displacement under different effective consolidation pressures

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图 7 环剪强度与垂直压力关系曲线

Figure 7. Variation of ring shear strength and vertical pressures

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图 8 孔隙水压力变化情况下环剪应力与剪切位移的关系（Ⅰ～Ⅳ为环剪阶段）

Figure 8. Function of ring shear stress and shear displacement under variable pore pressures

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图 9 不同有效固结压力$\sigma_v' $下流入水量与时间关系

Figure 9. Correlation between water inflow and time under different effective consolidation pressures

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图 10 渗透系数与有效固结压力关系

Figure 10. Relationship between permeability coefficient and effective consolidation pressure

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表 1 国内外常用的环剪仪及主要参数

Table 1. Ring shear apparatus and main parameters commonly used at home and abroad

序号	厂家	主要型号	外径/mm	内径/mm	剪切速率	扭矩/（N·m）或剪应力/kPa	垂直压力/kPa
1	江苏永昌科教仪器制造有限公司	HJ-1 HJ-2	100	60	0.01～5°/min	0～300 N·m	0～1200
2	南京泰克奥科技有限公司	TKA-RSA-60F TKA-RSA-50	150	100	0.001～20°/min	0～800 N·m	0～1000
3	苏州拓测仪器设备有限公司	TT-RSA-10A	100	60	0.03～10°/min	0～300 N·m	0～1200
4	北京玖瑞科技有限公司	RSA-200	200	130	0.007～40000°/min	0～4555 N·m	0～3000
5	美国GCTS公司	SRS-150	152	97	0.001～360°/min	0～820 N·m	0～1000
6	意大利Control公司	TORSHEAR	100	70	0.00001～1000°/min	0～1000 kPa	0～1200
7	德国WILLE公司	ARS-E2	150/100	100/50	0.00001～180°/min	0～2000 kPa	0～2000
8	英国VJ Tech公司	VJT-RING	100	70	0.0001～900°/min	0～1000 kPa	0～1000
9	英国GDS公司	GDSRSA	100	70	0.01～720°/min	0～200 N·m	0～1200
10	日本诚研舍	DTA-138	150	100	0.0005～100°/min	0～1000 N·m	0～1000
11	日本圆井株式会社公司	ICL-2	142	100	0～50 cm/s	0～6000 kPa	0～1000

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表 2 黄土坡滑坡滑带土的基本物理力学参数

Table 2. Basic physical and mechanical parameters of the slip zone soil of the Huangtupo landslide

天然含水率/%	土粒密度/ （g·cm⁻³）	天然密度/ （g·cm⁻³）	塑性指数	压缩模量/ MPa
14.23	2.75	2.25	18.76	25.66

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表 3 固结排水环剪试验方案

Table 3. Consolidated drainage ring shear test scheme

试样编号	固结压力 σ_v/kPa	孔隙水压力 u/kPa	有效固结压力σ_v′/kPa	环剪速率 v/(°·min⁻¹)	数据采集间隔∆h/s
CDR-1	200	100	100	1	10
CDR-2	250	100	150	1	10
CDR-3	450	100	350	1	10
CDR-4	650	100	550	1	10

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表 4 固结不排水环剪试验方案

Table 4. Consolidated undrainage ring shear test scheme

试样编号	固结压力 σ_v/kPa	孔隙水压力 u/kPa	环剪速率 v/(°·min⁻¹)	数据采集间隔∆h/s
CUR-1	100	监测	1	10
CUR-2	200	监测	1	10
CUR-3	400	监测	1	10
CUR-4	600	监测	1	10

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表 5 变孔隙水压力环剪试验方案

Table 5. Variable pore water pressure ring shear test scheme

试样编号	试验阶段	固结压力 σ_v/kPa	孔隙水压力 u/kPa	环剪速率 v/(°·min)	数据采集间隔∆h/s
CDRV-1	I	700	50	1	10
	II	700	50→650	1	10
	II	700	650	1	10
	III	700	650→50	1	10
	III	700	50	1	10
	IV	700	50→650	1	10
	IV	700	650	1	10

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表 6 常水头渗透试验方案

Table 6. Constant head permeability test scheme

试样编号	试验阶段	固结压力 σ_v/kPa	进水口压力 P₂/kPa	出水口压力 P₁/kPa	数据采集间隔∆h/s
CDRP-1	I	200	100	0	10
	II	300	100	0	10
	III	500	100	0	10
	IV	700	100	0	10

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