基于区域地质图与数字高程模型的地层埋深预测方法及应用

徐思煌; 肖键波; 王通; 王诗琪

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230399

基于区域地质图与数字高程模型的地层埋深预测方法及应用

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230399

中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院, 武汉 430074

基金项目:

国家科技重大专项“四川盆地及周缘页岩气形成富集条件、选区评价技术与应用” 2017ZX05035-001-003

详细信息

通讯作者:
徐思煌, E-mail: xusih@cug.edu.cn

中图分类号: P631
计量
- 文章访问数: 202
- PDF下载量: 37
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-07-13
- 录用日期: 2023-12-21
- 修回日期: 2023-12-17

Method for predicting formation buried depth based on regional geological maps and digital elevation model and its application

School of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China

More Information

Corresponding author: XU Sihuang, E-mail: xusih@cug.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
对于页岩气、水溶气等非常规天然气资源早期选区评价，往往因为缺乏地震资料导致难以依赖地震构造解释获得目的层的埋深，故借助其他非地震资料有效预测目的层区域性埋深具有重要意义。区域地质图与数字高程模型(DEM)都是广泛覆盖且容易获取的基础性资料。利用区域地质图蕴含的地层产状、地下构造起伏趋势、地层埋深和地表出露地层年代的关系等信息，再叠合DEM地表高程，建立了一种有效预测目的层构造高度和埋深的新方法。利用四川盆地及周缘地区36幅1∶20万区域地质图和美国航空航天局(NASA)数字高程模型资料，预测了该区下志留统龙马溪组底界埋深，据此编制的龙马溪组底界埋深等值线图为该区页岩气保存条件评价提供了重要参数。该方法不仅可为页岩气早期选区评价提供有效支撑，还可应用于深部高压含水层中水溶气的资源评价、深部咸含水层CO₂地质封存的构造优选。
- 海相地层 /
- 埋深预测 /
- 区域地质图 /
- 数字高程模型 /
- 龙马溪组 /
- 页岩气 /
- 四川盆地
Abstract: Objective
For the early selection and evaluation of unconventional gas resources such as shale gas and dissolved gas, it is often difficult to obtain formation burial depth by seismic structural interpretation due to the lack of seismic data. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively predict the burial depth of the target layer using other non-seismic data.
Methods
Both regional geological maps and digital elevation model (DEM) are widely covered and easily accessible basic data. In this study, a new method for predicting structural height and buried depth of target layer is established by superposing regional DEM information with geological map which contains the attitude of stratum, trend of underground structures, as well as the relation between buried depth of underground layer and age of surface layer.
Results
This method is effective for predicting the burial depth of Marine strata with relatively stable sedimentary thickness. The buried depth of the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in Sichuan Basin and its periphery is predicted based on 36 geological maps with scale of 1∶200 000 and DEM data, and then the contour map of the buried depth of Longmaxi Formation provides important parameters for the evaluation of shale gas preservation conditions in this area.
Conclusion
The method of predicting the burial depth of Marine strata by using non-seismic data such as regional geological map and DEM can not only provide effective support for the early selection evaluation of shale gas, but also can be applied to the resource evaluation of water-soluble gas in deep high-pressure aquifers and the structural optimization of CO₂ geological storage in deep saline aquifers.
- marine strata /
- buried depth prediction /
- regional geological map /
- digital elevation model /
- Longmaxi Formation /
- shale gas /
- Sichuan Basin
注释:

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

HTML全文

图 1 地质图图切剖面A-B构造起伏与目的层埋深示意图(剖面位置见图 3)

F_new.新构造层; F_f.地层f组; F_e.地层e组; F_d.地层d组; F_c.地层c组; F_b.地层b组; F_a.地层a组。d_1e，d_1f.第1翼地层e, f组的埋深; d_2f, d_2e, d_2d，d_2c.第2翼地层f, e, d, c组的埋深; d_3c, d_3d, d_3e, d_3f.第3翼地层c, d, e, f组的埋深(下同)

Figure 1. Profile A-B of geological map showing the fold structures and buried depth of target stratum

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 出露地层界面与目的层埋深关系图

Figure 2. Relation between the age of strata exposed and the buried depth of target strata

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 研究区域地质图与地表高程叠置图

Figure 3. Regional geological map overlaying elevation contours of the study area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 四川盆地及其周缘地区1∶20万区域地质图接图表

Figure 4. 1∶200 000 regional geological maps set in Sichuan Basin and its periphery

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 1∶20万酉阳幅区域地质图A-B地质剖面及龙马溪组顶、底界面示意图(剖面位置见图 3)

∈₂g.中寒武统高台组; ∈₂p.中寒武统平井组; ∈₃g.上寒武统耿家店组; ∈₃m.上寒武统毛田组; O₁n.下奥陶统南津关组; O₁ f+h.下奥陶统分乡组、红花园组; O₁d.下奥陶统大湾组; O₂₊₃.中、上奥陶统；S₁l.下志留统龙马溪组; S₂lr.中志留统罗惹坪组; P₁.下二叠统; P₂.中二叠统; T₁d.下三叠统大冶组; T₁ j.下三叠统嘉陵江组; T₂b.中三叠统巴东组；下同

Figure 5. Profile A-B showing top and bottom interface of Longmaxi Formation in 1∶200 000 geological map of Youyang

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图 6 酉阳幅出露地层界线与龙马溪组底界埋深关系图

Figure 6. Relation between the age of strata exposed at surface and the buried depth of Longmaxi Formation bottom within map of Youyang

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 四川盆地及其周缘地区龙马溪组底界埋深平面图

Figure 7. Buried depth map of Longmaxi Formation bottom in Sichuan Basin and its periphery

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 四川盆地及周缘龙马溪组底界埋深预测误差分析

Table 1. Error analysis for the buried depth of Longmaxi Formation bottom in Sichuan Basin and its periphery

构造位置	川东断褶带		川东高陡褶皱带	川南低陡褶皱带		威远背斜		川东南断褶带		盆缘丁山构造	盆外安场向斜	盆外道真向斜
构造位置	川东断褶带		川东高陡褶皱带	川南低陡褶皱带		核部	翼部	川东南断褶带		盆缘丁山构造	盆外安场向斜	盆外道真向斜
井号	五科1	池7	座3	阳深2	隆32	威202	威203	东深1	临7	丁页1	安页1	道页1
龙马溪组底深/m	5 250	4 660	4 300	3 552	3 244.5	2 570	3 180	3 426	2 640.4	2 054	2 350	585
井位预测深度/m	5 641	4 753	4 392	3 740	3 100	2 445	3 338	3 386	2 562	2 076	2 327	706
绝对误差/m	391	93	92	188	-145	-125	158	-40	-78	22	-23	121
相对误差/%	7.5	2.0	2.1	5.3	-4.5	-4.9	5.07	-1.2	-3.0	1.17	-1.0	20.6

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