柴达木盆地西部干柴沟区块下干柴沟组上段页岩油储层特征及勘探潜力

黄建红; 蒋威; 谭先锋; 吴松涛; 蔡鑫勇; 伍坤宇; 张庆辉

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230493

柴达木盆地西部干柴沟区块下干柴沟组上段页岩油储层特征及勘探潜力

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230493

黄建红^{1a, 1b,},
蒋威^2, ,,
谭先锋²,
吴松涛^{1a, 1b},
蔡鑫勇²,
伍坤宇^{1a, 1b},
张庆辉^{1a, 1b}

1a.
中国石油青海油田公司勘探开发研究院, 甘肃敦煌 736202
1b.
中国石油青海省高原咸化湖盆油气地质重点实验室, 甘肃敦煌 736202
2.
复杂油气田勘探开发重庆市重点实验室, 重庆 401331

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目 42102133

重庆市杰出青年科学基金项目 CSTB2022NSCQ-JQX0031

重庆市教委科技重大项目 KJZD-M202101502

中国石油天然气集团公司重大科技项目 2023ZZ15

中国石油天然气集团公司重大科技项目 2021DJ1808

详细信息

作者简介:
黄建红, E-mail: hjh1qh@petrochina.com.cn

通讯作者:
蒋威, E-mail: weij2424@163.com

中图分类号: P618.13
计量
- 文章访问数: 830
- PDF下载量: 110
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-08-28
- 录用日期: 2023-10-12
- 修回日期: 2023-09-16

Characteristics and exploration potential of shale oil reservoir in the Upper Member of the Xiaganchaigou Formation in the Ganchaigou area, western Qaidam Basin

HUANG Jianhong^{1a, 1b
,},
JIANG Wei^{2
, ,},
TAN Xianfeng²,
WU Songtao^{1a, 1b},
CAI Xinyong²,
WU Kunyu^{1a, 1b},
ZHANG Qinghui^{1a, 1b}

1a.
Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Qinghai Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Dunhuang Gansu 736202, China
1b.
Plateau Saline Lacustrine Basin Oil-Gas Geology Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province, PetroChina, Dunhuang Gansu 736202, China
2.
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Complex Oil and Gas Exploration and Development, Chongqing 401331, China

More Information

Author Bio:
HUANG Jianhong, E-mail: hjh1qh@petrochina.com.cn

Corresponding author: JIANG Wei, E-mail: weij2424@163.com

摘要

摘要:
柴达木盆地西部干柴沟区块C902井在古近系下干柴沟组上段Ⅳ~Ⅵ油层组获得高产油气流, 实现了柴达木盆地古近系页岩油的重大勘探突破。然而, 古近系页岩油的评价标准和资源潜力不清等问题制约了干柴沟区块高效开发。基于C902井及其他探井的勘探成果, 利用岩性、物性、孔隙结构、生烃潜力等资料, 综合评价了干柴沟区块古近系下干柴沟组上段Ⅳ~Ⅵ油层组页岩油的勘探潜力。结果表明, 该套页岩层系混积特征明显, 岩相类型包括纹层状和层状灰云岩、纹层状和层状云灰岩、纹层状黏土质页岩和层状泥岩, 具有较高脆性指数, 可压性强; 晶间孔和纹层缝是重要的储集空间, 占比达85%, 属于低孔-特低渗储层; w(TOC)均值高于0.9%, 氯仿沥青“A”和S₁+S₂共同指示生烃潜力大, 且有机质类型以Ⅰ~Ⅱ₁型为主。因此, 下干柴沟组上段Ⅳ~Ⅵ油层组具有烃源岩品质好、源储一体、可压性强、发育广泛等特征, 生储盖组合在空间上广泛发育且密封性好, 有利于压裂改造后提高油气采收率, 对干柴沟区块页岩油的高效开发具有重要理论指导意义。
- 页岩油储层 /
- 下干柴沟组上段 /
- 古近系 /
- 资源潜力 /
- 干柴沟区块 /
- 柴达木盆地
Abstract: Objective
Well C902, located in the Ganchaigou area of the western Qaidam Basin, achieved a breakthrough in shale oil exploration as indicated by the high-production oil flow in the Ⅳ-Ⅵ layers of the Upper Member of the Palaeogene Xiaganchaigou Formation. However, ambiguities in evaluation criteria and resource potential limit the efficiency of shale oil development in the Upper Member of the Xiaganchaigou Formation in the Ganchaigou area.
Methods
Thus, the exploration potential of shale oil in the Ⅳ-Ⅵ layers of the Upper Member of the Xiaganchaigou Formation in the Ganchaigou area was comprehensively evaluated by comparing the lithology, physical properties, pore structure, and organic geochemistry between Well C902 and other wells.
Results
The complicated lithofacies of laminar/lamellar dolostone, laminar/lamellar limestone, laminar clay shale, and lamellar mudstone suggest the mixed carbonate and siliciclastic deposition of the Ⅳ-Ⅵ layers. The high brittleness index implies the good fracability of the Ⅳ-Ⅵ layers. The intergranular pores and laminar fractures, with a total proportion of 85% in the pore system, were dominant in the Ⅳ-Ⅵ layers that can be roughly classified as low-porosity and ultralow-permeability reservoirs. The organic matter, dominated by type Ⅰ-Ⅱ₁, shows an average TOC content of more than 0.9% in the Ⅳ-Ⅵ layers. Both chloroform asphalt "A" and S₁+S₂ indicate a high hydrocarbon generation capacity.
Conclusion
Summarily, the widely deposited the Ⅳ-Ⅵ layers of the Upper Member of the Xiaganchaigou Formation have the characteristic of source-reservoir integration and show not only good quality of source rock but also strong fracability of the shale oil reservoir. The excellent source-reservoir-caprock assemblage is also widely developed, which ensures good sealing ability and favors improving oil and gas recovery after fracturing. This study can theoretically improve the development efficiency of shale oil in the Ganchaigou area.
- shale oil reservoir /
- Upper Member of Xiaganchaigou Formation /
- Paleocene /
- resource potential /
- Ganchaigou area /
- Qaidam Basin
注释:

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

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图 1 柴达木盆地西部构造格局(a)及下干柴沟组综合柱状图(b)(修改自文献[17, 27])

Figure 1. Tectonic setting of the western Qaidam Basin (a) and stratigraphic column of the Upper Member of the Xiaganchaigou Formation (b)

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图 2 C2-4井下干柴沟组上段Ⅳ~Ⅵ油层组岩相特征

Figure 2. Petrographic characteristics of the Ⅳ-Ⅵ layers in the Upper Member of the Xiaganchaigou Formation in Well C2-4

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图 3 碳酸盐岩的矿物组成及其占比

Figure 3. Mineral composition and component distribution of carbonate rocks

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图 4 C12井Ⅵ油层组泥质灰岩的矿物类型及垂向上体积分数变化

Figure 4. Changes in the mineral types and vertical percentages of argillaceous limestone in the Ⅵ layer of Well C12

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图 5 杨氏模量、泊松比与脆性指数关系图

Figure 5. Relationships between the Young′s modulus, Poisson′s ratio and brittleness index

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图 6 干柴沟区块古近系页岩油储集空间类型

Figure 6. Reservoir pore types of Paleogene shale oil in the Ganchaigou area

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图 7 C14井层状灰云岩和纹层状灰云岩压汞曲线

Figure 7. Mercury injection curves of laminar lime dolomite and lamellar lime dolomite in Well C14

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图 8 研究区储层物性特征图

Figure 8. Characteristics of reservoir properties in the study area

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图 9 烃源岩有机碳含量直方图(a)，氯仿沥青“A”与w(TOC)交会图(b)，不同层位S₁+S₂与w(TOC)交会图(c)，不同岩性烃源岩有机质类型划分图(d)

Figure 9. Histogram of organic carbon content of source rocks (a), cross plot of chloroform asphalt "A" and TOC content (b), cross plot of S₁+S₂ and TOC content with different layers (c), division diagram of organic matter types in source rocks of different lithologies (d)

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图 10 碳酸盐岩和页岩的可动油饱和度对比

Figure 10. Comparison of the mobile oil saturation between carbonate rocks and shales

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图 11 柴西地区不同区块和层位的烃源岩w(TOC)(a)及氯仿沥青“A”(b)质量分数对比图

Figure 11. Comparison of TOC content (a) and chloroform asphalt "A" content (b) of source rocks in different areas and formations in the western Qaidam Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 干柴沟区块下干柴沟组上段Ⅲ~Ⅵ油层组生储盖组合模式图

Figure 12. Model diagram of source-reservoir-cap rock assemblages in the Ⅲ-Ⅵ layers of the Upper Member of the Xiaganchaigou Formation in the Ganchaigou area

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表 1 干柴沟区块下干柴沟组上段Ⅳ~Ⅵ油层组有机质特征统计

Table 1. Statistic of the organic matter characteristics in the Ⅳ-Ⅵ layers of the Upper Member of the Xiaganchaigou Formation in the Ganchaigou area

油层组	w(TOC)/%		w(氯仿沥青“A”)/%		(S₁+S₂)/(mg·g^-1)		样品数/个
油层组	最小值~最大值	平均值	最小值~最大值	平均值	最小值~最大值	平均值	样品数/个
Ⅳ	0.41~2.70	0.90	0.020~0.494	0.157	0.55~29.9	5.65	364
Ⅴ	0.38~4.52	0.90	0.037~0.575	0.330	0.51~25.2	4.27	279
Ⅵ	0.36~2.21	0.80	/	/	0.51~6.40	2.11	180

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