基于离散元模型的聚合型滑坡碎屑流聚合角度影响研究

杨锟; 叶永; 谢旋

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230564

基于离散元模型的聚合型滑坡碎屑流聚合角度影响研究

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230564

三峡大学水利与环境学院，湖北宜昌 443002

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划课题（2021YFC3001903）

详细信息

作者简介:
杨锟：E-mail：736120345@qq.com

通讯作者:
E-mail：yeyong@ctgu.edu.cn

中图分类号: P642.22
计量
- 文章访问数: 237
- PDF下载量: 27
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-10-10
- 录用日期: 2024-02-19
- 修回日期: 2024-02-06
- 网络出版日期: 2024-03-29

Influence of aggregation angle of aggregated landslide debris flows based on discrete element model

College of Hydralic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang Hubei 443002, China

More Information

Author Bio:
E-mail：736120345@qq.com

Corresponding author: E-mail：yeyong@ctgu.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
滑坡碎屑流是一种常见的地质灾害，它有着规模宏大、滑动距离远、速度快的特征，而山坡沟谷等地形会影响滑坡碎屑流的运动轨迹，进而对其产生阻拦、转向、堆积等一系列影响，所以滑坡碎屑流不仅仅只有简单的直线路径，受到地形因素的影响，其运动路径复杂多样。本研究主要基于滑坡碎屑流不同运动轨迹中的聚合行为，采用EDEM软件，分析对称聚合型滑坡碎屑流在不同聚合角度中的运动冲击和堆积特性。研究结果表明：①聚合角度对于运动速度的影响：聚合角度越大，颗粒到达聚合点时沿主坡道的速度分量v_y越小，滑坡碎屑流分离程度越高，滑坡滑动时间越长；②聚合角度对于堆积形态的影响：聚合角度越大，滑坡稳定在坡脚处，其堆积区的形态，在滑道一侧的长度越长，而在拦挡结构处的高度越小；③聚合角度对于冲击性能的影响：聚合角度越大，对拦挡结构的冲击力峰值越低且越晚出现峰值；在停止运动形成静态堆积区后的残余冲击力也越低，残余冲击力的值也与冲击力峰值越接近。研究成果为滑坡碎屑流复杂路径运动深入研究提供了基础作用，为滑坡碎屑流防治结构优化提供了理论参考。
- 滑坡碎屑流 /
- 聚合角度 /
- 运动特性 /
- 冲击力 /
- 离散元 /
- EDEM
Abstract: Objective
Landslide debris flows are common geological disasters characterized by large scale, long sliding distances, and high speeds. The terrain of hillside ravines and valleys significantly influences the trajectory of these flows, causing them to block, turn, pile up, and exhibit a series of complex behaviors. Therefore, the movement path of landslide debris flows is not a simple straight line but is influenced by various terrain factors, resulting in complex and varied trajectories.
Methods
This study focuses on the aggregation behavior of landslide debris flows along different motion trajectories. Using EDEM software, we analyzed the impact and accumulation characteristics of symmetrically aggregated landslide debris flows at various aggregation angles.
Results
This study has reached results in three aspects. 1) Effect of the aggregation angle on movement velocity: Larger aggregation angles result in lower v_y values, higher degrees of separation of the landslide debris flow, and longer sliding times. 2) Effect of the aggregation angle on accumulation morphology: Larger aggregation angles cause the landslide to stabilize at the foot of the slope, with the accumulation zone lengthening on the slide side and decreasing in height at the blocking structure. 3) Effect on impact performance: Larger aggregation angles lead to lower and later peak impact forces on the barrier structure. Additionally, the residual impact force after the formation of a static accumulation area is lower and closer to the peak impact force.
Conclusion
These findings provide a fundamental basis for the in-depth study of the complex movement paths of landslide debris flows and offer theoretical references for optimizing landslide debris flow control structures.
- landslide debris flow /
- aggregation angle /
- kinematic properties /
- force of impact /
- discrete element /
- EDEM

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图 1 滑坡6种复杂行为的部分案例

a. 福建南平滑坡；b. 汶川地震引发的滑坡；c. 交织滑坡（据文献[35]修改）

Figure 1. Selected cases of six complex behaviors of landslides

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图 2 聚合角度对聚合型滑坡碎屑流运动冲击与影响研究流程图

Figure 2. Flow chart of the study on the impact and influence of the aggregation angle on the movement of aggregated landslide debris flows

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图 3 EDEM中颗粒间接触模型示意图

F_t. 颗粒间的切向力；F_n. 颗粒间的法向力；K_t. 切向弹性系数；K_n. 法向弹性系数；C_t. 切向阻尼系数；C_n. 法向阻尼系数；µ. 摩擦系数；下同

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of the interparticle contact model in EDEM

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图 4 滑坡模型示意图

α. 聚合角度

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of the landslide model

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图 5 JIANG等^[33]试验与EDEM的颗粒级配曲线（据文献[34]修改）

Figure 5. Particle size distribution of the test and EDEM

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图 6 滑道试验装置示意图(据文献[34]修改)

L₁. 触发挡板到拦挡结构的距离；L. 滑坡体长度； H.滑坡体高度；γ. 滑道底板与水平面夹角；$\varphi $. 拦挡结构与水平面夹角

Figure 6. Schematic diagram of the slide test setup

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图 7 EDEM中的模型构成

Figure 7. Model composition in EDEM

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图 8 滑坡试验中颗粒运动过程图(据文献[33]修改)

a，b. 失稳阶段；c，d. 滑动阶段；e，f. 堆积阶段

Figure 8. Diagram of particle motion process in landslide test

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图 9 EDEM中碎屑流运动过程图

a，b. 失稳阶段；c，d. 滑动阶段；e，f. 堆积阶段

Figure 9. Diagram of debris flow motion process in EDEM

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图 10 试验与EDEM的冲击力变化图

Figure 10. Plot of impact force variation in the test and EDEM

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图 11 颗粒运动过程(J1-2工况)

Figure 11. Movement process of particles

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图 12 滑坡碎屑流颗粒速度场变化(J1-2工况)

Figure 12. Changes in velocity field of landslide debris flow particles (J1-2)

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图 13 滑块受力示意图

a. 滑坡模型简化图；b.支流段简化图；θ. 聚合角度的1/2；β. 支流段有效坡度；v. 到达聚合区域颗粒的速度；v_y. 颗粒到达聚合点时沿主坡道的速度；N. 支持力；f. 摩擦力；G. 重力；H. 颗粒释放高度到聚合点高度；下同

Figure 13. Schematic diagram of the force on the slider

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图 14 不同工况下平均速度时程曲线图

Figure 14. Evolution of solid particles velocity with different working conditions

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图 15 滑坡碎屑流颗粒堆积形态

a1，b1，c1，d1，e1为侧视图；a2，b2，c2，d2，e2为颗粒在拦挡结构面的堆积图

Figure 15. Accumulation pattern of landslide debris flow particles

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图 16 滑坡碎屑流颗粒冲击力变化图

Figure 16. Plot of impact force variation of landslide debris flow

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表 1 EDEM中接触系数选取

Table 1. Value of contact coefficients in EDEM

接触参数	取值
恢复系数	0.5
颗粒静摩擦系数	1.330
颗粒滚动摩擦系数	0.080
滑道静摩擦系数	0.466
滑道滚动摩擦系数	0.010
拦挡结构静摩擦系数	0.384
拦挡结构滚动摩擦系数	0.010

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表 2 EDEM中模型与颗粒的属性取值

Table 2. Value of equipment material and bulk material in EDEM

模型与颗粒的属性	取值
滑道/拦挡结构泊松比	0.3
滑道/拦挡结构密度/(kg·m⁻³)	7900
滑道/拦挡结构杨氏模量/MPa	2×10⁵
颗粒泊松比	0.25
颗粒密度/(kg·m⁻³)	2550
颗粒杨氏模量/MPa	100
颗粒粒径/mm	10～20

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表 3 4组EDEM工况设计

Table 3. Four groups condition design in EDEM

工况	聚合角度α/(°)	颗粒级配分布
J1-1	30	总质量27 kg 10～20 mm 颗粒线性分布
J1-2	40
J1-3	50
J1-4	60

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表 4 各工况下堆积区对照表

Table 4. Comparison table of stacking area under each working condition

	试验工况	J1-1 工况	J1-2 工况	J1-3 工况	J1-4 工况
沿拦挡结构面堆积的高度/mm	287.19	284.56	278.05	254.55	234.95
沿滑道面堆积的长度/mm	388.9	416.94	443.38	497.78	560.04

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表 5 各工况下冲击力对照表

Table 5. Comparison table of impact force under each working condition

	试验工况	J1-1工况	J1-2工况	J1-3工况	J1-4工况
冲击力峰值/N	223.61	217.01	191.84	172.20	147.89
残余冲击力/N	177.16	169.08	165.94	160.12	141.13
（峰值/残余） /%	126	128	115	107	104

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