鲁中南典型地热区地热水氟分布特征及其驱动机制

李曼; 张薇; 廖煜钟; 刘峰; 魏帅超; 何雨江

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230706

鲁中南典型地热区地热水氟分布特征及其驱动机制

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230706

李曼^{1, 2,},
张薇^{1, 2, ,},
廖煜钟^{1, 2},
刘峰^{1, 2},
魏帅超^{1, 2},
何雨江^{1, 2}

1.
中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所, 石家庄 050061
2.
自然资源部地热与干热岩勘查开发技术创新中心, 石家庄 050061

基金项目:

中国地质调查项目 DD20221676

详细信息

作者简介:
李曼, E-mail: liman@mail.cgs.gov.cn

通讯作者:
张薇, E-mail: weizhang@mail.cgs.gov.cn

中图分类号: P641.3;P314.2
计量
- 文章访问数: 215
- PDF下载量: 91
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-12-19
- 录用日期: 2024-02-21
- 修回日期: 2024-02-19

Characteristics and mechanisms of fluorine enrichment in the geothermal water of south central Shandong Province

LI Man^{1, 2
,},
ZHANG Wei^{1, 2
, ,},
LIAO Yuzhong^{1, 2},
LIU Feng^{1, 2},
WEI Shuaichao^{1, 2},
HE Yujiang^{1, 2}

1.
Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, CAGS, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
2.
Technology Innovation Center of Geothermal & Hot Dry Rock Exploration and Development, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shijiazhuang 050061, China

More Information

Author Bio:
LI Man, E-mail: liman@mail.cgs.gov.cn

Corresponding author: ZHANG Wei, E-mail: weizhang@mail.cgs.gov.cn

摘要

摘要:
山东省鲁中南典型地热区主要包括沂沭断裂带地热区和鲁中隆起地热区, 为了探明研究区地热水氟分布特征及其富集规律, 综合运用水化学图解、地球化学模拟和主成分分析等方法, 分析沂沭断裂带地热区和鲁中隆起地热区地热水水化学数据。结果表明: 研究区地热水以Na-Ca-Cl型、Na-Ca-SO₄-Cl型和Na-Cl-SO₄型为主, 基本为弱碱性水, 优势阳离子为Na⁺, 氟质量浓度在0.38~4.5 mg/L之间, 富钠弱碱性环境有利于地热水中氟的富集。地热水中F^-质量浓度与Na⁺、Cl^-和总溶解固体(TDS)质量浓度呈显著正相关, 而沂沭断裂带地热水样中F^-质量浓度还与K⁺、SO₄^2-质量浓度呈显著正相关, 与Mg²⁺和HCO₃质量浓度呈显著负相关; 鲁中隆起地热区地热水中阳离子交换作用较沂沭断裂带地热区更为强烈, Na⁺反应强度明显强于Mg²⁺。鲁中隆起地热区和沂沭断裂带地热区均为裂隙型热储, 热储岩性分别为石灰岩、灰岩热蚀变带和安山岩破碎带, 水岩作用强烈。研究区地热水中氟离子的物质来源主要为萤石等含氟矿物的溶解沉淀, 受控于阳离子交换等水岩相互作用影响, 最终形成高氟地热水, 其中高温和富钠对研究区地热水中氟离子富集影响较大。研究成果为地热资源开发利用提供了参考。
- 氟 /
- 鲁中隆起地热区 /
- 沂沭断裂带地热区 /
- 地热水 /
- 水岩作用 /
- 驱动机制 /
- 裂隙型热储
Abstract: Objective
Yishu fault zone geothermal field and central Shandong uplift geothermal field are typical geothermal fields in south central Shandong Province. In order to investigated the distribution characteristics and mechanisms of fluorine enrichment in the geothermal water of the this area,
Methods
hydrochemical diagrams, geochemical simulations and principal component analysis were employed.
Results
The results show that the geothermal water in the study area is mainly Na-Ca-Cl-, Na-Ca-SO₄-Cl- and Na-Cl-SO₄-type water, dominated by weakly alkaline water. The predominant cation is the sodium ion, with fluorine concentration between 0.38 and 4.5 mg/L. Sodium-rich and weakly alkaline environments are faciliated to the enrichment of fluorine in the geothermal water. The fluorine concentration has significant positive correlations with the Na⁺, Cl^- and TDS concentrations in the geothermal water. In addition, it has significant positive correlations with K⁺ and SO₄^2- concentrations and significant negative correlations with Mg²⁺ and HCO₃^- concentrations in the geothermal water in the Yishu fault zone. The cation exchange effect in the geothermal water of the central Shandong uplift zone is stronger than that in the Yishu fault zone, and the reaction strength of Na⁺ is significantly stronger than that of Mg²⁺. The geothermal field of the central Shandong uplift and Yishu fault zones are both fracturing types. The thermal storage lithologies are limestone, limestone in the thermal alteration zone and ansanite in the broken belt, with strong water-rock interactions. The provenance of fluorine in the geothermal water is the dissolution reprecipitation of fluorine-containing minerals, and the fluorine concentration in the geothermal water is further increased by cation exchange and other water-rock interactions. High temperature and sodium-rich have a great influence on fluorine enrichment.
Conclusion
This research provides a reference for the exploitation and utilization of geothermal resources.
- fluorine /
- central Shandong uplift geothermal field /
- Yishu fault zone geothermal field /
- geothermal water /
- water-rock interaction /
- mechanism /
- fracturing type thermal storage
注释:

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

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图 1 研究区热储概念模型(a, b)^[2]、地热水氟分布及采样点分布图(c)

Figure 1. Conceptual model of geothermal system (a, b), distribution of geothermal water fluorine distribution and sampling sites (c) in the study area

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图 2 鲁中南地区水样Piper三线图

Figure 2. Piper diagram of water samples in south central Shandong Province

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图 3 鲁中南地区水样Gibbs图

Figure 3. Gibbs diagram of water samples in south central Shandong Province

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图 4 不同类型地热水F^-箱线图

Figure 4. Box diagram of fluorine in the geothermal water with different types

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图 5 地热水中ρ(F^-)和水温T的关系

Figure 5. Relationship between fluorine concentration and water temperature in the geothermal water

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图 6 地热水中F^-与Ca ²⁺(a)、Na⁺(b)、Cl^-(c)、SO₄^2-(d)、Mg²⁺(e)和HCO₃^-(f)质量浓度的关系

Figure 6. Relationship between fluorine concentration and Ca ²⁺(a), Na⁺(b), Cl^-(c), SO₄^2-(d), Mg²⁺(e), HCO₃^-(f) concentrations in the geothermal water

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图 7 地热水饱和指数与ρ(F^-)的关系

Figure 7. Relationship between the saturation indices and fluorine concentration in the geothermal water

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图 8 样品中Na⁺/(Na⁺+Ca²⁺)和ρ(F^-)的关系图

Figure 8. Relationship between Na⁺/(Na⁺+Ca²⁺) and F^- concentration in water samples

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图 9 样品中Na⁺/Cl^-当量比(a)和Na⁺/(Na⁺+Ca²⁺+Mg²⁺)当量比(b)与ρ(Cl^-)关系图

Figure 9. Relationship between Na⁺/Cl^- (a) and Na⁺/(Na⁺+Ca²⁺+Mg²⁺) (b) and Cl^- concentration in water samples

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表 1 研究区地热水样水化学组分统计

Table 1. Hydrochemical component statistics of geothermal water samples in the study area

含水介质类型		T/℃	pH值	F^-	Na⁺	Ca²⁺	K⁺	Mg²⁺	Cl^-	SO₄^2-	HCO₃^-	NO₃^-
含水介质类型		T/℃	pH值	ρ_B/(mg·L^-1)
鲁中隆起区地热水(样品数12)	平均值	51.18	7.51	3.01	443.98	240.46	34.75	24.71	470.39	891.22	162.18	4.76
	中位数	54.00	7.54	3.50	392.50	166.15	21.14	7.59	251.45	562.26	126.81	1.92
	最小值	25.00	6.75	0.51	45.70	72.95	2.21	1.86	26.57	156.50	59.53	0
	最大值	70.00	8.10	4.50	1 042.50	564.60	107.50	75.67	1 146.61	2 337.87	348.51	25.56
沂沭断裂带地热水(样品数5)	平均值	49.27	7.49	2.66	448.79	196.48	24.39	10.50	780.48	239.26	193.51	25.40
	中位数	52.00	7.50	3.05	482.50	203.60	29.12	4.63	829.80	238.98	190.50	25.70
	最小值	23.00	7.20	0.38	79.45	148.20	1.57	1.89	192.40	164.20	92.17	10.94
	最大值	66.00	7.90	3.83	686.20	239.80	34.93	38.66	1 208.00	300.20	320.30	48.38

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表 2 地热水ρ(F^-)和pH值描述统计

Table 2. Description statistical of fluorine concentration and pH in geothermal water

指标	含水介质类型	样品数	最小值	最大值	均值	标准偏差	标准偏差	方差
pH值	鲁中隆起区地热水	12	6.75	8.10	7.51	0.142 29	0.492 92	0.243
	沂沭断裂带地热水	5	7.20	7.90	7.49	0.122 46	0.273 82	0.075
	总计	17	6.75	8.10	7.50	0.104 57	0.431 14	0.186
ρ(F^-)/ (mg·L^-1)	鲁中隆起区地热水	12	0.51	4.50	3.01	0.384 78	1.332 92	1.777
	沂沭断裂带地热水	5	0.38	3.83	2.66	0.595 16	1.330 83	1.771
	总计	17	0.38	4.50	2.91	0.315 35	1.300 24	1.691

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表 3 地热水中ρ(F^-)与pH值、水温T以及其他离子质量浓度相关性分析

Table 3. Correlation analysis of fluorine concentration with pH, water temperature and other ions concentrations in the geothermanl water

热储类型		F^-	pH值	Na⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	K⁺	Cl^-	SO₄^2-	HCO₃^-	TDS	T
鲁中隆起地热区	F^-	1	0.102	0.811^**	0.221	-0.040	0.527	0.720^**	0.329	-0.076	0.624^*	0.817^**
沂沭断裂带地热区	F^-	1	0.459	0.984^**	0.845	-0.970^**	0.958^*	0.951^*	0.953^*	-0.957^*	0.977^**	0.86
** 在p=0.01级别(双尾)，相关性显著; * 在p=0.05级别(双尾)，相关性显著

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表 4 研究区地热水主要离子主成分分析

Table 4. Principal component analysis of the major ions in the geothermal water in the study area

参数	各主成分相关关系
参数	PC1	PC2	PC3
Na⁺	0.381	0.802	0.382
Ca²⁺	0.953	0.152	-0.05
Mg²⁺	0.96	-0.197	-0.185
Cl^-	0.018	0.921	0.191
SO₄^2-	0.939	0.043	0.12
HCO₃^-	0.807	-0.292	-0.199
F^-	0.172	0.515	0.821
偏硅酸	-0.369	0.826	0.087
TDS	0.808	0.540	0.222
pH值	-0.653	-0.223	0.678
T	-0.128	0.291	0.893
特征值	4.868	3.979	1.197
方差贡献率/%	44.253	36.173	10.886
累计方差贡献率/%	44.253	80.426	91.312

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