InSAR约束的青海门源Mw 6.7级地震同震断层滑动反演与三维形变场模拟

曾锐; 蒋亚楠; 燕翱翔; 程燕; 罗袆沅

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240004

InSAR约束的青海门源M_w 6.7级地震同震断层滑动反演与三维形变场模拟

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240004

曾锐^{1a, 1b,},
蒋亚楠^{1a, 1b, ,},
燕翱翔²,
程燕^{1a, 1b},
罗袆沅^{1a, 1b}

1a.
成都理工大学地球科学学院, 成都 610059
1b.
成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室, 成都 610059
2.
东北林业大学寒区科学与工程研究院, 哈尔滨 150040

基金项目:

四川省重点研发计划 2023YFS0435

四川省重点研发计划 2023YFS0439

详细信息

作者简介:
曾锐, E-mail: 834765186@qq.com

通讯作者:
蒋亚楠, E-mail: jiangyanan@cdut.edu.cn

中图分类号: P315.7;P237
计量
- 文章访问数: 55
- PDF下载量: 8
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-01-04
- 录用日期: 2024-07-01
- 修回日期: 2024-05-08

Coseismic slip distribution and 3D deformation field simulation of the Menyuan M_w 6.7 earthquake in Qinghai based on InSAR constraint

ZENG Rui^{1a, 1b
,},
JIANG Yanan^{1a, 1b
, ,},
YAN Aoxiang²,
Cheng Yan^{1a, 1b},
LUO Huiyuan^{1a, 1b}

1a.
College of Earth Science Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
1b.
State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
2.
Institute of Cold Regions Science and Engineering of Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China

摘要

摘要:
2022年1月8日, 青海省门源回族自治县发生M_w6.7地震, 地表破裂明显并导致兰新高铁停运。为研究门源地震的震源机制, 通过差分干涉测量技术(D-InSAR)处理Sentinel-1A升降轨SAR数据得到地震同震形变场, 并在InSAR形变约束下, 通过两步反演法获取了地震断层几何参数和精细同震滑动分布, 计算了同震静态库仑应力变化, 进一步分析讨论了发震构造及区域地震危险性。结果表明: InSAR LOS向同震形变场长轴呈WNW-ESE向, 初步判断具有左旋走滑的运动特征, 在其约束下的精细双断层滑动分布结果显示冷龙岭破裂段与托莱山破裂段均以高倾角左旋走滑为主; 为进一步阐明地震变形模式, 基于弹性位错模型及黏弹性分层介质模型分别模拟得到同震地表三维形变场, 考虑地壳分层结构模拟的三维形变更准确。同震库伦应力变化结果表明: 托莱山断裂西端、冷龙岭断裂东端及兰新高铁大梁隧道地震风险性增强, 未来发生破裂的风险仍较高。研究结果为进一步了解门源地震三维地壳形变及相关地震研究提供参考依据。
- 青海门源M_w 6.7地震 /
- 断层滑动分布 /
- 同震三维形变场 /
- 静态库仑应力变化 /
- 兰新高铁 /
- InSAR
Abstract: On January 8, 2022, a <italic>M</italic>w 6.7 earthquake stuck Menyuan Hui Autonomous County, Qinghai Province, resulting in extensive surface ruptures and the closure of the Lanzhou-Xinjiang high-speed railway.</sec><sec> <title>Objective
This study aims to investigate the focal mechanism of the Menyuan earthquake.
Methods
D-InSAR technology was employed to process ascending and descending SAR data from Sentinel-1A, producing a coseismic deformation field. Using InSAR LOS deformation as a constraint, a two-step inversion method was applied to determine the geometric parameters of the earthquake fault and the detailed coseismic slip distribution. Additionally, the coseismic static Coulomb stress changes were calculated, and the seismogenic structure, along with the regional seismic hazard, was further analyzed.
Results
The findings reveal that the long axis of the InSAR coseismic deformation field is oriented WNW-ESE, indicating left-lateral strike-slip movement. The refined double-fault slip distribution shows that both the Lenlongling and Tuolaishan rupture segments exhibit high-inclination left-lateral strike-slip motion. To better understand the seismic deformation patterns, this study employs anelastic dislocation model and a viscoelastic half-space layered medium model to simulate the three-dimensional coseismic surface deformation, incorporating more accurate three-dimensional deformation from crustal layered models. The coseismic Coulomb stress changes suggest an earthquake risk at the western end of the Tuolaishan fault, the eastern end of the Lenlongling fault, and near the Daliang tunnel of the Lanzhou-Xinjiang high-speed railway, indicating a heightened potential for future rupture.
Conclusion
The research results can provide a reference for enhanced understanding of the three-dimensional crustal deformations associated with the Menyuan earthquake and the related seismic research.
- Menyuan M_w 6.7 earthquake in Qinghai /
- fault slip distribution /
- 3D coseismic deformation field /
- static Coulomb stress change /
- Lanzhou-Xinjiang high-speed railway /
- InSAR
注释:

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

HTML全文

图 1 2022年1月8日门源地震构造背景图^[2]

Figure 1. Tectonic background of the Menyuan earthquake on January 8, 2022

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图 2 2022年门源M_w 6.7地震InSAR视线向同震形变场及形变剖面

Figure 2. InSAR line-of-sight coseismic deformation fields and deformation profiles of the M_w 6.7 Menyuan earthquake in 2022

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图 3 兰新高铁受灾段震后现场调查图片

Figure 3. Post-earthquake field investigation images of the affected section of the Lanzhou-Xinjiang high-speed railway

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图 4 均匀式滑动模型的拟合结果

Figure 4. Fitting results of the uniform slip model

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图 5 断层粗糙度与模型拟合残差折中曲线

Figure 5. Trade-off curve between the fault roughness and the model fitting residuals

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图 6 InSAR反演同震滑动分布图

Figure 6. InSAR inversion coseismic slip distribution

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图 7 分布式滑动分布模型拟合结果

Figure 7. Fitting results of distributed slip model

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图 8 不同地壳结构模型下的地表三维形变模拟及形变剖面

a.弹性位错模型模拟东西向形变；b.弹性位错模型模拟南北向形变；c.弹性位错模型模拟竖直向形变；d.黏弹性分层模型模拟东西向形变；e.黏弹性分层模型模拟南北向形变；f.黏弹性分层模型模拟竖直向形变；g.不同地壳结构模型模拟东西向形变差；h.不同地壳结构模型模拟南北向形变差；i.不同地壳结构模型模拟竖直向形变差；j.形变剖面

Figure 8. Simulation and profiles of three-dimensional surface deformation under different crustal structural models

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图 9 升降轨LOS向同震形变场模拟值及残差值

a.弹性位错模型升轨形变模拟值；b.弹性位错模型升轨残差值；c.弹性位错模型降轨形变模拟值；d.弹性位错模型降轨残差值；e.黏弹性分层模型升轨形变模拟值；f.黏弹性分层模型升轨残差值；g.黏弹性分层模型降轨形变模拟值；h.黏弹性分层模型降轨残差值

Figure 9. Simulated and residual values of line-of-sight coseismic deformation field from ascending and descending orbit

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图 10 门源地震引起的库仑应力变化

a, b.门源地震造成的区域不同深度库仑应力变化；c, d.门源地震造成的兰新高铁不同深度库仑应力变化

Figure 10. Coulomb stress changes induced by the Menyuan earthquake

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表 1 2022年1月8日门源地震震源机制解

Table 1. Focal mechanism solution of the Menyuan earthquake on January 8, 2022

来源	经度/(°)	纬度/(°)	深度/km	走向/(°)	倾角/(°)	滑动角/(°)	震级M_w
USGS	101.278	37.815	13.0	104/13	88/75	15/178	6.6
GCMT	101.31	37.800	14.8	104/14	82/89	1/172	6.7
李振洪等^[9]	—	—	5	104, 109	80, 80	0	6.7
YANG等^[10]	—	—	—	—	82	—	6.7
LI等^[8]	101.28	37.812	4	106, 89	86, 83	-5, -1	6.6
许光煜等^[11]	101.28	37.790	0.24	106.5	80.4	3.70	6.6
于仪等^[12]	101.28	37.780	5	109	86	0.79	6.6
郑瑞等^[13]	—	—		104.2	87.8	1	6.6
周甜等^[14]	101.28	37.790	4	109.23, 86.6	88.28, 84.16	-	6.62
本研究双断层模型	101.28	37.800	4.48	109.61, 88.7	84.44, 82.16	-1.51, 1.83	6.65
注：USGS.美国地质调查局(United States Geological Survey)；GCMT.全球地震矩张量目录(global centroid-moment-tensor project)；GCMT和USGS都有2个节面结果; 下同

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表 2 SAR影像参数

Table 2. SAR image parameters

卫星	震前日期	震后日期	时间间隔/d	基线间距/m	极化方式	模式	入射角/(°)	方位角/(°)
Sentinel-1A	2022/01/05	2022/01/17	12	-36.00	vv	升轨	35.86	-13.29
Sentinel-1A	2021/12/29	2022/01/10	12	55.10	vv	降轨	38.48	193.28

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表 3 均匀滑动模型反演参数

Table 3. Inversion parameters of the uniform slip model

名称	长度/m	宽度/m	深度/m	倾角/(°)	走向/(°)	X中点/m	Y中点/m
下限	15 000.0	1 000.0	1 000.0	0.00	0.00	-20 000.00	-20 000.00
上限	30 000.0	20 000.0	20 000.0	90.00	180.00	20 000.00	20 000.00
最优值	25 513.6	9 935.9	10 848.4	84.44	109.61	2 112.04	3 581.91
置信度2.5%	24 343.5	7 699.6	8 745.7	84.50	109.60	2 117.99	3 609.28
置信度97.5%	25 530.0	9 907.1	10 822.0	85.57	109.71	2 201.78	3 959.65

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表 4 区域分层黏弹性模型参数

Table 4. Regional layered viscoelastic model parameters

分层	厚度/km	v_p/(km·s^-1)	v_s/(km·s^-1)	密度/(km·m^-3)	η_k/(10¹⁸ Pa·s)	η_m/(10¹⁹Pa·s)
上地壳Ⅰ	0.22	3.51	1.63	2 110.0	—	—
上地壳Ⅱ	18.49	6.03	3.50	2656.6	—	—
中地壳	18.50	6.41	3.69	2719.3	5.0	1.0
下地壳Ⅰ	16.75	7.41	4.23	2837.2	5.0	1.0
下地壳Ⅱ	—	8.08	4.73	3375.4	5.0	1.0
注：v_p为纵波速度；v_s为横波速度；η_k为代表短期变形的开尔文体瞬态黏滞系数；η_m为长期变形的麦克斯韦尔体稳态黏滞系数

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