渤海湾盆地东营凹陷沙四上亚段页岩储层特征及主控因素

高波; 郝芳; 张志垚

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240707

渤海湾盆地东营凹陷沙四上亚段页岩储层特征及主控因素

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240707

高波^{1, 2, ,},
郝芳¹,
张志垚³

1.
中国石油大学（华东）地球科学与技术学院，山东青岛，266580
2.
中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司滨南采油厂，山东滨州，256600
3.
山东石油化工学院，山东东营，257061

详细信息

通讯作者:
E-mail：haofang@upc.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-11-18
- 录用日期: 2025-01-11
- 修回日期: 2025-01-05
- 网络出版日期: 2025-04-17

Characteristics and controlling factors of shale reservoirs in Upper Fourth Member of Shahejie Formation in Dongying Depression, Bohai Bay Basin

GAO Bo^{1, 2
, ,},
HAO Fang¹,
ZHANG Zhiyao³

1.
School of Earth Science and Technology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao Shandong, 266580
2.
Binnan Oil Production Plant of Shengli Oil field Company, SINOPEC, Binzhou Shandong, 256600, China
3.
Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology, Dongying Shandong, 257061

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail：haofang@upc.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
中国陆相页岩油资源十分丰富，是常规油气的重要战略接替领域，其中页岩储层发育影响因素是页岩油富集机理研究的重点和难点之一。以渤海湾盆地东营凹陷沙四上亚段页岩为研究对象，通过XRD、气体吸附、高压压汞、FE-SEM和FIB-SEM等技术手段，明确了沙河街组页岩岩相类型，精细表征了页岩储集空间类型与结构，揭示了页岩孔隙发育影响因素。结果表明：①研究区沙四上亚段页岩主要发育5种岩相类型（富有机质纹层状钙质页岩、富有机质纹层状混合质页岩、富有机质层状混合质页岩、富有机质块状钙质页岩和含有机质纹层状钙质页岩）；②页岩储集空间类型主要以粒间孔、溶蚀孔、晶间孔和微裂缝为主，有机孔基本不发育，不同类型页岩孔隙结构存在明显差异，其中富有机质纹层状页岩孔体积较大；③有机质丰度和沉积构造（纹层）对页岩储层具有明显的控制作用，有机酸溶蚀作用形成大量溶蚀孔，增加页岩储集性能，而过高的有机质丰度使页岩塑性增强，不利于孔隙的保存。纹层结构有利于页岩的储集性，不同纹层储集性存在显著差异，长英质纹层储集性较好，黏土质纹层次之，粗晶方解石纹层相对较差。研究结果揭示了东营凹陷沙四上亚段页岩储层特征以及有机质丰度和纹层结构对储层发育的控制作用，对渤海湾盆地陆相页岩油勘探开发有一定的参考意义。
- 页岩油 /
- 储集性 /
- 纹层结构 /
- 沙河街组 /
- 东营凹陷
Abstract: <p> China has abundant continental shale oil resources, which are an important strategic replacement area for conventional oil and gas. The factors affecting shale reservoir development are one of the key and difficult points in the study of shale oil enrichment mechanism. </p></sec><sec><title>Objective and Methods
This paper focuses on the shale of the upper fourth member of Shahejie Formation. Based on XRD, gas adsorption, high-pressure mercury injection, FE-SEM, and FIB-SEM, the lithofacies types of the shale were identified, the storage space types and structures of the shale were characterized, and the influencing factors of shale pore development were revealed.
Results
The research results indicate that: ① There are mainly five lithofacies developed in the shale in the study area(organic-rich laminated calcareous shale, organic-rich laminated mixed shale, organic-rich layered mixed shale, organic-rich massive calcareous shale, and organic laminated calcareous shale); ② The main types of reservoir spaces include intergranular pores, dissolution pores, intergranular pores, and micro-fractures, with little development of organic pores. There are significant differences in the pore structure of different types of shale, organic-rich laminated shale have larger pore volumes; ③ The abundance of organic matter and sedimentary structures (laminations) have a significant controlling effect on shale reservoirs. Organic acid dissolution forms a large number of dissolution pores, increasing shale reservoir performance. However, excessive abundance of organic matter enhances shale plasticity, which is not conducive to pore preservation. The laminated structure is beneficial for the reservoir properties of shale, and there are significant differences in reservoir properties among different types of laminated structures. The felsic lamination has better reservoir properties, followed by clay lamination, and the coarse calcite lamination has poorer reservoir properties.
Conclusions
Research results reveal the characteristics and controlling factors (organic matter abundance and laminations) of shale reservoirs in upper fourth member of Shahejie Formation, which has reference significance for the development of continental shale oil in the Bohai Bay Basin.
- shale oil /
- reservoir property /
- lamination structure /
- Shahejie Formation /
- Dongying depression

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图 1 东营凹陷构造位置与区域地层柱状图（据文献[24]修改）

Figure 1. Structural location and regional stratigraphic column of Dongying Depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 东营凹陷沙四上亚段页岩沉积构造特征

Figure 2. Structural characteristics of Upper Fourth Member of Shahejie Formation in Dongying Depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 东营凹陷沙四上亚段页岩岩相划分方案（据文献[28]修改）

Figure 3. Lithofacies classification of Upper Fourth Member of Shahejie Formation in Dongying Depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 东营凹陷沙四上亚段页岩典型储集空间类型扫描电镜图像

a，b. 粒间孔；c，d. 粒内溶孔；e. 黄铁矿晶间孔；f. 黏土矿物粒间孔；g. 有机孔；h. 有机质团块；i. 层间微裂缝与超压微裂缝

Figure 4. FE-SEM images of typical reservoir space in the Upper Fourth Member of Shahejie Formation in Dongying Depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 东营凹陷沙四上亚段页岩不同岩相低温N₂吸附和高压压汞实验结果

P/P_o. 相互压力，代表实际压力与N₂在液氮温度下饱和蒸气压的比值；1 psi=6.895 kPa

Figure 5. Results of low-temperature N₂ adsorption and high-pressure mercury injection of different lithofacies in the Upper Fourth Member of Shahejie Formation in Dongying Depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 东营凹陷沙四上亚段页岩不同岩相低温N₂吸附和高压压汞联合表征结果

a. 富有机质纹层状钙质页岩；b. 富有机质纹层状混合质页岩；c. 富有机质层状混合质页岩；d. 富有机质块状钙质页岩；e. 含有机质纹层状钙质页岩

Figure 6. Combined characterization results of low-temperature N₂ adsorption and high-pressure mercury injection of different lithofacies in the Upper Fourth Member of Shahejie Formation in Dongying Depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 东营凹陷沙四上亚段页岩储层发育影响因素分析

Figure 7. Analysis of factors influencing the development of shale reservoirs in the Upper Fourth Member of Shahejie Formation in Dongying Depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 不同类型纹层基于三维FIB-SEM图像的孔隙定量表征结果

Figure 8. Quantitative characterization results of pores based on three-dimensional FIB-SEM images for different types of laminations

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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