Research status and perspective on wellbore sand production from hydrate reservoirs
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摘要: 天然气水合物开采井眼出砂问题是当前水合物产业化急需突破的瓶颈之一，解决水合物开采时防砂与产能平衡问题是实现水合物安全高效、长期可控开采的关键。我国海域典型水合物储层属于弱固结的低渗泥质粉砂储层，其面临的防砂控泥与增产矛盾较为突出。厘清不同水合物储层和开采条件下的井眼出砂规律并揭示其机理，进而制定科学合理的防砂控泥措施以实现产能最大化是解决上述矛盾的途径所在。从理论分析、数值模拟、室内实验和现场试采4个角度介绍了世界范围内已开展的水合物出砂防砂情况，分析总结了水合物储层出砂影响因素及出砂机理，最后探讨了目前出砂研究存在的问题和挑战，并给出了相应的建议，旨在为后续水合物开采井眼出砂预测和防控研究提供思路和参考。Abstract: Sand production problem during gas hydrate exploitation seriously restricts its safe, efficient and controllable exploitation and industrialization process.It becomes one of the bottlenecks which should be solved urgently.The typical hydrate reservoirs in the South China Sea are clay-rich silt formation which cause more prominent contradiction between sand/clay production control and gas recovery enhancement.To resolve this conflict, we should firstly clarify the sand production behaviors and reveal their mechanism under the conditions of different reservoir types and production rules, and then formulate scientific and reasonable sand/clay control methods to maximize the gas recovery rate.This paper reviews the research status of wellbore sand production during gas production from hydrate reservoirs.Theoretical analysis, numerical simulations, laboratory experiments and field trials for sand production prediction and control are summarized respectively.Then the influencing factors of sand production in hydrate reservoirs, the mechanism of sand production, and the difficulties and challenges of sand production research are analyzed.The aim of this review is to provide some suggestions and ideas for sand production prediction and scientific sand control technology in the following hydrate exploitation process.
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Key words:
- natural gas hydrate /
- gas production /
- sand production
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图 1 基于连续介质-离散介质耦合的水合物出砂多尺度数值模拟方法
Figure 1. Multiscale investigation on sand production from hydrate reservoirs by coupling continuous-discrete medium
图 2 水合物储层出砂理论和数值模拟基本思路
Figure 2. A general protocol for numerical simulation on sand production from hydrate reservoirs
图 7 贝克休斯公司开发的GeoFORM防砂系统布设示意图[66]
Figure 7. Schematic diagram of GeoFORM sand control system developed by Baker Hughes
图 8 水合物储层出砂机理、行为与控制研究中存在的问题与挑战
Figure 8. Problems and clallenges of research on mechanism, behavior and control of sand production from hydrate reservoirs
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