Reservoir characteristics and pore evolution of the Lower Shihezi Formation in Duguijiahan zone, Hangjinqi area, Ordos Basin
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摘要: 杭锦旗地区独贵加汗区带是鄂尔多斯盆地北部天然气勘探开发的重要对象，区带内下石盒子组砂岩储层非均质性强，含气饱和度差异大，前人对致密储层发育特征及其孔隙演化历史研究不够系统和深入。基于钻井岩心、岩石薄片及相关测试等资料，在统计、对比分析独贵加汗区带下石盒子组砂岩储层岩石学与物性特征的基础上，通过成岩作用分析，厘定控制储层孔隙发育的主要因素，进而重建主要储层段的孔隙演化历史。研究表明，杭锦旗地区独贵加汗区带下石盒子组砂岩多属超低渗透储层，局部存在裂缝发育的高渗透率段；压实作用和胶结作用对研究区储层孔隙演化起破坏性作用，减孔率分别为84.8%和7.1%，而溶蚀作用为建设性成岩作用，增孔率9.5%；盒一段储层现今孔隙度基本继承了早白垩世末期的特征，孔隙演化历经早成岩阶段A期压实与胶结作用快速减孔，B期持续压实减孔，中成岩A期溶蚀增孔作用与压实-胶结减孔作用并存及B期变化微弱等过程。Abstract: The Duguijiahan zone in Hangjinqi area is an important target for natural gas exploration and development in the northern Ordos Basin.The Upper Paleozoic sandstone reservoirs in the zone have strong heterogeneity and large differences in gas saturation.This has great influence on the development characteristics and development of tight reservoirs.The study of pore evolution history is not systematic and thorough.Based on drilling cores, rock thin slices and related testing data, on the basis of statistical and comparative analysis of the petrological and physical characteristics of Upper Paleozoic sandstone reservoirs in Duguijiahan area, through the analysis of diagenesis, the main factors that control the development of reservoir pores are determined factors to reconstruct the pore evolution history of the main reservoir section.Studies have shown that the Upper Paleozoic sandstones in Duguijiahan area are mostly ultra-low permeability reservoirs, with high permeability sections with developed fractures locally; compaction and cementation are destructive to the evolution of the reservoir pores in the study area. The porosity reduction rate is 84.8% and 7.1%, respectively, and the dissolution is a constructive diagenesis, and the porosity increase rate is 9.5%; the present porosity of the He 1st member reservoir basically inherits the characteristics of the end of the Early Cretaceous, and the pore evolution has gone through early diagenesis. In stage A, compaction and cementation are rapidly reduced, and in stage B, continuous compaction is reduced.In the middle diagenesis, the dissolution and pore-enhancing effects of phase A coexist with compaction and cementation and the process of weak change in phase B.
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Key words:
- reservoir characteristic /
- porosity evolution /
- diagenesis /
- Hanjinqi area /
- Ordos Basin
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图 1 杭锦旗地区构造单元划分与独贵加汗区带位置
Figure 1. Division of tectonic units in Hangjinqi area and the location of Duguijiahan zone
图 2 独贵加汗区带下石盒子组砂岩储层碎屑成分三角分类图(样本数: 187)
Figure 2. Triangular classification of clastic composition of sandstone reservoir of the Lower Shihezi Formation in Duguijiahan area
图 3 独贵加汗区带下石盒子组砂岩储层填隙物特征
a.锦89井, 3 082.93 m，盒1段，岩石颗粒间多被方解石、高岭石充填，颗粒边缘被方解石交代，单偏光；b.锦100井，2 927.4 m，盒1段，岩石颗粒多被泥质等充填，泥质成分以高岭石为主，绿泥石、伊利石次之，部分颗粒被绿泥石呈薄膜状包裹，正交偏光；c.锦92井，3 073.88 m，盒2段，岩石颗粒多被泥质充填，泥质主要成分为伊利石、高岭石，多被褐色有机质浸染，多数颗粒被泥质呈薄膜状包裹，单偏光；d.锦96井, 3 060.97 m，盒3段，岩石颗粒多被泥质充填，结构紧密，偶见个别孔隙零星分布，正交偏光
Figure 3. Characteristics of interstitial materials in sandstone reservoir of the Lower Shihezi Formation in Duguijiahan area
图 4 独贵加汗区带下石盒子组砂岩储层物性直方分布图
Figure 4. Histgram for physical properties distribution of sandstone reservoir of the Lower Shihezi Formation in Duguijiahan area
图 5 独贵加汗区带下石盒子组砂岩储层物性综合分析
Figure 5. Comprehensive analysis of physical properties of sandstone reservoir of the Lower Shihezi Formation in Duguijiahan area
图 6 独贵加汗区带盒一段砂岩储层储集空间类型
a.锦110井，3 022.5 m，原生粒间孔，单偏光；b.锦103井，3 081.5 m，原生粒间孔，单偏光; c.锦110井，3 030.5 m，粒间方解石胶结物溶孔，正交偏光；d.锦113井，3 069.30 m，粒内溶孔，单偏光；e.锦124井，3 160.02 m，蛭石状高岭石及其晶间微孔，单偏光；f.锦112井，3 136.1 m，晶间微孔，单偏光；g.锦113井，3 069.3 m，微裂缝，单偏光；h.锦103井，3 087.3 m，微裂缝，单偏光
Figure 6. Reservoir space types of the He 1 Member in Duguijiahan area
图 7 独贵加汗区带下石盒子组砂岩储层典型成岩作用
a.锦103井，3 079.07 m，盒1段，压实作用，单偏光；b.锦97井，2 325.6 m，盒2段，方解石胶结，单偏光；c.锦124井，3 144.81 m，盒1段，铁白云石，单偏光；d.锦113井，3 069.3 m，盒1段，石英次生加大，正交偏光；e.锦57井，2 996.3 m，盒3段，方解石交代碎屑，单偏光；f.锦108井，3 151.5 m，盒1段，方解石交代碎屑颗粒，单偏光；g.锦103井，3 081.5 m，盒1段，巨晶方解石胶结和溶孔，正交偏光；h.锦110井，3 022.5 m，盒1段，胶结物方解石溶孔，单偏光
Figure 7. Typical diagenesis of Lower Shihezi Formation sandstone reservoir in Duguijiahan area
图 8 独贵加汗区带下石盒子组储层孔隙度与埋深关系点图
Figure 8. Relationships between porosity and depth for Lower Shihezi Formation sandstone in Duguijiahan area
图 9 独贵加汗区带盒1段砂岩储层孔隙度与面孔率拟合关系
Figure 9. Fitting relationship between porosity of and the plane porosity sandstone reservoirs of the He 1 Member in Duguijiahan area
图 10 独贵加汗区带锦110井盒一段(3033.13m)砂岩储层主要成岩作用增减孔量(a)及其比率分布直方图(b)
Figure 10. Main diagenesis increase and decrease pore volume(a) and its ratio distribution histogram(b) in the sandstone reservoir of the He 1 Member of the Well Jin 110(3 033.13 m) in Duguijiahan area
图 11 独贵加汗区带锦110井盒一段砂岩储层成岩序列及孔隙演化
Figure 11. Diagenesis sequence and pore evolution of the sandstone reservoir of the He 1 Member of the Well Jin110 in Duguijiahan area
表 1 独贵加汗区带下石盒子组砂岩储层颗粒组分统计
Table 1. Statistics of grain composition of sandstone reservoir of Lower Shihezi Formation in Duguijiahan area
层位 取值 w(石英)/% w(长石)/% w(岩屑)/% 钾长石 斜长石 长石总量 火成岩 变质岩 沉积岩 岩屑总量 盒3段 范围值 53~82 0~21 0~5 0~25 1~6 9~33 0~8 12~38 平均值 65.06 9.4 1.49 10.91 2.86 17.83 1.46 22.14 盒2段 范围值 48~76 0~11 0~2 0~11 0~9 14~29 1~9 24~35 平均值 59.6 6.1 0.63 6.27 4.53 20.67 4.33 29.53 盒1段 范围值 41~78 0~14 0~2 0~14 0~9 11~39 0~18 16~48 平均值 62.23 4.9 0.22 5.12 4.2 22.01 3.52 29.72 
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表 2 独贵加汗区带下石盒子组砂岩储集空间类型
Table 2. Types of reservoir space in the Lower Shihezi Formation in Duguijiahan area
孔隙类型 孔隙特征 占孔隙空间的比例/% 原生粒间孔 碎屑颗粒原始格架间的孔隙 24.16 溶蚀孔 方解石、长石等溶解而成 66.66 晶间孔 胶结物之间存在的孔隙 3.24 裂缝 持续静水负荷压力作用下，砂体不断被压实和压裂而形成 5.95
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