湘北桑植-石门一带早中生代褶皱叠加特征及变形机制

杨俊; 罗鹏; 凌跃新; 杨少辉; 柏道远; 魏方辉; 曹顺红; 彭能立

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0605

湘北桑植-石门一带早中生代褶皱叠加特征及变形机制

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0605

基金项目:

中国地质调查局项目 DD20160029-17

湖南省地勘局科研项目 201901

详细信息

作者简介:
杨俊(1986-), 男, 工程师, 主要从事区域地质调查等方面的研究工作。E-mail: yj011064@163.com

通讯作者:
罗鹏(1987-), 男, 工程师, 主要从事区域地质调查等方面的研究工作。E-mail: 474672721@qq.com

中图分类号: P541
计量
- 文章访问数: 964
- PDF下载量: 206
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-12-14

Superimposed features and deformation mechanism of Early Mesozoic folds in the Sangzhi-Shimen area, northern Hunan

摘要

摘要: 湘北桑植-石门一带下中生界连续发育一系列侏罗山式褶皱，褶皱叠加特征解析对探索桑植-石门复向斜褶皱变形期次及变形机制具有重要意义，同时对断裂控制褶皱变形的理论研究也具有启示意义。通过对桑植-石门一带地质构造剖面测制及褶皱叠加特征解析，识别出了印支期和早燕山期两期褶皱构造。研究区侏罗系与中三叠统之间的低角度不整合接触、白垩系与前白垩系之间的高角度不整合接触反映了印支运动和早燕山运动两期变形事件，可进一步推断桑植-石门一带褶皱可分为印支运动和早燕山运动两期。印支期褶皱轴迹主要呈北东东向-近东西向；早燕山期褶皱轴迹可分为2组：一组呈北东东向-近东西向；另一组呈北北东向。早燕山期2组褶皱与先期印支期褶皱叠加形成加强型和斜限型2种叠加类型，前者受控于印支期北东东向-近东西向逆断裂的继承性活动；后者受控于早燕山期北西西向区域挤压应力形成的北北东向逆断裂，且受限于先期北东东向-近东西向构造。此变形机制很好地解释了研究区褶皱轴面和逆冲断裂无向东或南东倾斜极性。
- 桑植-石门复向斜 /
- 叠加褶皱 /
- 构造解析 /
- 变形期次 /
- 变形机制
Abstract: A series of Jurassic-type folds have continuously developed in the Mesozoic from the Sangzhi-Shimen area in northern Hunan. The analysis of the fold superimposition characteristics is of great significance to explore the deformation period and deformation mechanism of the Sangzhi-Shimen complex oblique folds, and also for the theoretical study of fold deformation controlled by faults. Based on the measurement of geological structure section and analysis of fold superimposition characteristics in Sangzhi-Shimen area, two fold structures in Indosinian and early Yanshanian were identified. The low-angle unconformity contact between the Jurassic and the Middle Triassic in the study area, and the high-angle unconformity contact between the Cretaceous and the Pre-Cretaceous reflect two deformation events of Indosinian and Early Yanshanian movement. It can be further inferred that the folds in the Sangzhi-Shimen area can be divided into two phases: the Indosinian movement and the early Yanshanian movement.The Indosinian fold axial trace mainly showed NEE to near EW; the early Yanshanian fold axial trace can be divided into two groups, one is NEE-near EW, the other is NNE. Two groups of early Yanshanian folds and pre Indosinian folds are superimposed to form two types of superposed folds, the enhanced type and the oblique limited type. The former is controlled by the inherited activities of the Indosinian NEE-near EW reverse fault; the latter is controlled by NNE trending reverse fault, which formed by NWW trending regional compressive stress in early Yanshanian, and it is limited by the pre NEE-near EW trending structure.This deformation mechanism well explains that the fold axis and thrust fault in the study area have no east or Southeast inclined polarity.
- Sangzhi-Shimen complex syncline /
- superposed fold /
- structural analysis /
- deformation period /
- deformation mechanism

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图 1 研究区大地构造位置暨构造纲要图

Q.第四系; K-E.白垩纪-古近纪构造层; T₃-J.晚三叠世-侏罗纪构造层; D-T₂.泥盆纪-中三叠世构造层; Nh-S.南华纪-志留纪构造层; Qb₂B.青白口纪板溪期构造层; Qb₁L.青白口纪冷家溪期构造层; 1.平行不整合接触线; 2.角度不整合接触线；3.背斜轴迹; 4.向斜轴迹; 5.逆断裂; 6.左行平移断裂; 7.右行平移断裂; 8.地质构造剖面; 9.褶皱编号; 10.断裂编号; 11.研究区；12.地名。褶皱编号及名称: f₁.新街背斜; f₂.谷罗山向斜; f₃.砂坝背斜; f₄.淋溪河背斜; f₅.桑植向斜; f₆.人潮溪背斜; f₇: 瑞塔铺向斜; f₈: 石堤向斜; f₉: 教字垭背斜; f₁₀: 长茅山向斜; f₁₁: 三坪背斜; f₁₂: 尹家溪背斜; f₁₃: 天子山向斜; f₁₄: 观音山背斜; f₁₅: 九渡河向斜; f₁₆: 四方台向斜; f₁₇: 雁池背斜; f₁₈: 火连坡向斜; f₁₉: 洞市向斜; f₂₀: 杨家坊向斜; f₂₁: 方石坪背斜; f₂₂: 码头铺背斜; f₂₃: 朱家沟向斜; f₂₄: 英塔背斜; f₂₅: 国太桥背斜; f₂₆: 皂市背斜; f₂₇: 三官寺向斜; f₂₈: 新铺向斜; f₂₉: 长岭向斜; f₃₀: 苗市倒转背斜; f₃₁: 杜家沟倒转向斜; f₃₂: 杉板向斜; f₃₃: 卞家岗向斜。断裂编号及名称: F₁.沙塔坪断裂; F₂.大塔坪断裂; F₃.教字垭断裂; F₄.新桥断裂; F₅.慈利-保靖断裂; F₆.皂市断裂; F₇.新铺断裂; F₈.雁池断裂; F₉.辛银断裂

Figure 1. Geotectonic location and structure outline map of the study area

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图 2 艾家湾-辛银地质构造剖面(GP01，剖面位置见图 1)

Qhj.全新统橘子洲组；K.白垩系; J₁b.下侏罗统白田坝组; T₂b.中三叠统巴东组; T₁j.下三叠统嘉陵江组; T₁d.下三叠统大冶组; P.二叠系; D.泥盆系; S.志留系; 1.角度不整合接触界线; 2.平行不整合接触界线; 3.断裂及编号; 4.飞来峰; 5.岩层产状；6.皱褶编号

Figure 2. Geological profile of Aijiawan-Xinyin

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图 3 淋溪河-三官寺地质构造剖面^[27](GP02，剖面位置见图 1, 褶皱同图 1)

T₂b.中三叠统巴东组; T₁j.下三叠统嘉陵江组; T₁d.下三叠统大冶组; P_2-3.中-上二叠统; D.泥盆系; S.志留系; P.奥陶系; ∈.寒武系; S₀.岩层产状；S₁.劈理产状; 1.逆断裂; 2.岩层产状; 3.断裂破碎带；F_r.人潮溪断裂

Figure 3. Geological profile of Linxihe-Sanguansi

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图 4 瑞塔铺向斜两翼次级褶皱特征

a.瑞塔铺向斜北西翼次级重力滑脱褶皱; b.瑞塔铺向斜北西翼断裂构造形成褶皱

Figure 4. Characteristics of secondary folds on both wings of Ruitapu syncline

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图 5 教字垭-沙塔坪构造剖面(GP03，剖面位置见图 1，褶皱和断裂同图 1)

F_c.陈家湾断裂

Figure 5. Geological profile of Jiaoziya-Shataping

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图 6 谷罗山向斜两翼发育次级褶皱

Figure 6. Secondary folds on both wings of the Guluoshan syncline

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图 7 石门界溪河下侏罗统白田坝组(J₁b)与中三叠统巴东组(T₂b)呈低角度不整合接触

①含砾石英砂岩；②泥岩；③页岩

Figure 7. Low angle unconformity contact relationship between the Jurassic Baitianba Formation and Triassic Badong Formation in Jiexihe, Shimen

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图 8 石门双溪桥中白垩统罗镜滩组(K₂lj)与下三叠统大冶组(T₁d)呈大角度不整合接触

①砾岩；②泥晶灰岩

Figure 8. High angle unconformity contact relationship between the Cretaceous Luojingtan Formation and Triassic Daye Formation in Shuangxiqiao, Shimen

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图 9 叠加褶皱分类^[49-50]

Figure 9. Classification of superposed folds

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图 10 变形机制示意图

(B₁, B₂同图 9)

Figure 10. Diagram of deformation mechanism

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