| Citation: | YANG Ziwen，LI Yanjun，ZHOU Bao，et al. Genesis of garnet in pegmatite and its implication for Nb-Ta mineralization in the northwestern margin of the Mufushan granite (central Jiangnan Orogen): Comparison from mineralized and unmineralized pegmatites[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology，2025，44（2）：1-19 doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230563
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The Mufushan area, in the central Jiangnan Orogen, South China, has become one of the most significant rare metals resource bases in China. The Duanfengshan pegmatite-type Nb-Ta deposit is the only large-sized deposit in the northwestern margin of the Mufushan granitic batholith. However, its genesis and physicochemical conditions are still unclear. Niobium-tantalite, garnet and tourmaline coexist in the newly discovered Nb-Ta mineralized microcline pegmatite veins. Therefore, the study of garnet genesis can provide significant constraints for the Nb-Ta mineralization.
This study focuses on garnets in the mineralized and unmineralized microcline pegmatite veins in the Duanfengshan area. Garnets were observed using cathodoluminescence (CL) and backscattered electron (BSE) imagery. The major and trace elements are determined by EPMA and LA-ICP-MS, and are used to discuss the genesis of garnet and the indication for Nb-Ta mineralization within microcline pegmatite veins.
These mineralogical and geochemical features suggest a magmatic origin for garnets within microcline pegmatite veins in the Duanfengshan area. Garnets from pegmatites in the Duanfengshan area formed in medium-high temperatures and medium-low pressures. Garnets in mineralized and unmineralized pegmatites both belong to the solid solution series of almandite-spssartite. Garnet in the mineralized pegmatites is dominated by almandite (Sps42.56 Alm54.63), whereas garnet in the unmineralized pegmatites is mainly characterized by spessartite (Sps58.93 Alm37.18).
Garnets in mineralized pegmatites mostly coexist with columbite-tantalite, and have low Mn, Nb and Ta contents, as well as a decrease in Mn content and an increase in Fe content from the core to the rim. This mineralogical result is resulted by the crystallization of Nb-Ta minerals. It shows that the evolution relationship of Nb, Ta, Fe, Mn elements in garnet can indicate the pegmatite-type Nb-Ta mineralization in the Mufushan area.
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