| Citation: | YIN Zheng，CHEN Qingxiang，HE Jianbo，et al. Spatial characteristics and genetic mechanism of geothermal resources in Zhangye Basin by multi-source fusion modeling and heat-flow coupling simulation[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology，2025，44（0）：1-10 doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230590
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The traditional temperature and pressure field analysis approach is based on the interpolation of existing borehole data, which cannot accurately represent the seepage-heat transfer coupling process of geothermal resources, resulting in insufficient understanding of the genetic mechanism of geothermal resources. To overcome the drawbacks of the conventional approach, this paper built a three-dimensional geological model of Zhangye Basin by combining multi-source data including borehole information, geophysical information and elevation data. Compared with the traditional model, multi-source data fusion modeling can improve the accuracy of inter-hole strata by 50-300 m. The numerical simulation of basin seepage-heat transfer field coupling process shows that the multi-field coupling analysis describing the temperature and pressure field more reasonable than that of key-point-spatial-interpolation approach. The analysis shows the higher water head in the southeast of the basin and relatively lower heat in the northeast. this leads to the geothermal water flows from southeast to northwest and was heated up during the seepage process, and the heat was lost later when the burying depth of the reservoir becomes shallower and the cap becomes thinner. As a result, the higher temperature was determined in the basin center which can reach up to 78℃ and the lower temperature was observed in the areas surrounding with the center. Finally, a 3D geothermal conceptual model is developed to better understand the genetic mechanism of geothermal resources in terms of structural, hydrogeological, and geothermal geological perspectives. This 3D conceptual mode coupling with heat-flow transfer modeling more specifically explains the spatial distribution and reveal more clearly the underlying mechanism of forming the geothermal resources compared with conventional 2D model.The study showed the groundwater in the reservoir flows from south-east toward north-west and revealed also the formation of the rhombic-lobe shaped distribution of geothermal resources in the basin, which provides theoretical basis for the precise localization of high potential geothermal zones and for the sustainable development of geothermal resources.
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