| Citation: | CAO Yi，LI Yifan，ZHOU Chuanfu，et al. Sources, transport and transformation of nitrogen pollution in shalllow groundwater in Caidian District, Wuhan, China[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology，2025，44（1）：262-273 doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230357
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In recent years, increasing human activities have exacerbated groundwater nitrogen pollution, which has become a typical environmental problem globally. To identify nitrogen pollution sources, contribution ratios, transport and transformation characteristics in shallow groundwater, fourteen surface water samples, four shallow groundwater samples, and seven soil samples were collected from the main water supply area of Caidian District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province. These samples were analyzed for water chemical indices, nitrogen isotopes, hydrogen and oxygen isotopes.
Integrating the local land use type, water chemistry, and $\delta^{15}{\mathrm{N}}\text{-}{\rm{NO}}^{-}_3 $ and $\delta^{18}{\mathrm{O}}\text{-}{\rm{NO}}^{-}_3 $ double isotope tracer technology, we identified sources of nitrate nitrogen pollution and determine their transport and transformation patterns. The IsoSource model was further applied to quantitatively assess the contributions of different nitrogen pollution sources.
The predominant form of nitrogen pollution was nitrate nitrogen, with approximately 66.7% of the groundwater sampling points exceeded the WHO limit (10 mg/L) in ${\rm{NO}}^{-}_3 $ concentration. The primary sources of ${\rm{NO}}^{-}_3 $ were identified as nitrification of sewage and manure, soil organic matter, and ammonia-containing fertilizers, with average contribution rates to shallow groundwater of 48.6%, 32.9%, and 18.5%, respectively. These sources were found to be significantly affected by human activities. Further analysis integrating regional water chemistry and hydrogen-oxygen isotopic compositions revealed that the morphological transformation of nitrogen in regional surface and groundwater nitrogen was predominantly controlled by nitrification processes.
The findings of this research provide a theoretical framework for better understanding the nitrogen cycling process and implementing effective nitrogen pollution control measures in Caidian District.
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