CSCD来源期刊

北大中文核心期刊

中国科技核心期刊

地学领域高质量科技期刊分级T2区（2023）

世界期刊影响力指数报告Q1区（2023）

2015 Vol. 34, No. 4

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Geochemistry of Jianquanzi Volcanic Rocks in Beishan Area,Gansu Province
Cheng Hesheng, Yu Jiyuan, Yang Yuru
2015, 34(4): 1-5.
Abstract PDF icon198 icon21
Abstract:
The Jianquanzi area of Beishan in Gansu Province is designated as Silurian Gongpoquan Group originally.Lithology combination includes quartz greywacke,conglomeratic gritstone interbedded thin-layer limestone,siltstone with Bouma sequenced,and volcanic rock.Chemical analysis data of volcanic rock show that the major elements and microelements are very different from island-arc volcanic rocks,it indicates that they are not derived from the island-arc environment.Crystalline limestone produces the corals fossil(designated as the Silurian Altaja).This study collects data and redefines the volcanic rock as Dohophyllum reticulatum Fomitchev,? Paracarruthersella sp.and foraminifer,and age is Late Carboniferous.The age of fossil and geochemical characteristics of volcanic rock reveal that there is no island arc volcanic rocks exposed on the south side of the Hongliuhe-Niujuanzi-Xichangjing ophiolite belt in the entire Beishan region.In conclusion,there is no volcanic evidence of the southward subduction in the Paleozoic tectonic evolution in the study region,which has an important foundation of improving the framework of Beishan Paleozoic tectonic evolution.
Characteristics and Geological Significance of Chronology and Geochemistry of Bayandulan Monzonitic Granites in Dong Ujimqin Qi,Inner Mongolia
Li Min, Cheng Yinxing, Li Yanfeng
2015, 34(4): 6-14.
Abstract PDF icon126 icon19
Abstract:
In order to learn the characteristics of magma activity along the southern plate of Siberianlate during Late Palaeozoic Eta.,petrography,U-Pb chronology of the zircon,zircon Hf-isotopeand geochemistry of the Bayandulan monzonitic granite are studied to constrain the genesis and tectonic setting of the rock in Dong Ujimqin Qi,Inner Mongolia.Zircon U-Pb dating obtained by LA-ICP-MS analyses from the monzonitic granite is(277.2±0.7) Ma,suggesting that it is the production of magmatic activities in later period of Early Permian.The εHf(t) values and the crust model ages(tDMc) of Bayandulan monzonitic granite,are 6.8-14.1and 865-655 Ma respectively.The Bayandulan monzonitic granite is enriched in K(K=3.63%-4.95%,K2O/Na2O=0.91-1.47)and alkali(K2O+Na2O=7.52%-9.16%),suggesting the feature of metaluminous to weak peraluminous(A/CNK =0.96-1.15).It is apparently different in LREE and HREE,with most rocks having weakly negative Eu anomalies(δEu=0.34-1.17).The rock is depleted in rare earth elements(∑REE=38.82×10-6-193.32×10-6),and Sr,Nb,Ta,P,Ti enriched in partial LILE(LREE,Rb,K and so on)with weakly negative Zr anomaly and weakly positive Hf anomaly,showing characteristics of post-orogenic granites.The monzonitic granite produced in extent environment,and was the product of post-orogenic evolution after closing of the Hegenshan Ocean.And the formation of the rock is partial melting of juvenile continental crust resulted from subducted oceanic crust exised during 865-655 Ma.
Identification of Volcanic Lithology and Reservoir with Petrophsical Elastic Parameters:An Example of Yingcheng Formation in Xujiaweizi Fault Depression,North of Songliao Basin
Wu Jie
2015, 34(4): 15-19.
Abstract PDF icon163 icon11
Abstract:
There are many kinds of volcanic rocks with complex lithological characters in the Xujiaweizi faults.As volcanic rock lithology and reservoir seismic prediction is difficult,physical anylysis is needed for effective volcanic reservoir seismic prediction.Based on the 13 kinds of elastic parameter sensitivity analysis of the intersection,we use density and shear modulus in Yingcheng Formation of Xujiaweizi fault for the first time,and classify lithologic into three categories:basalt,andesite and rhyolite.In addition,the volcanic rock in each category shows the same reservoir parameters characteristics.On the basis of lithological distinction,the use of the density and longitudinal wave velocity of fluid two-parameter group can directly identify three categories of lithologic groups,which provides theoretical base for the prediction technologies of volcanic rock reservoir prestack inversion.
Diagenesis and Favorable Diagenetic Facies of Paleogene Lulehe Formation Sandstone in Lenghu Region
Chen Bo, Chen Fenjun, Wu Zhixiong, Zhou Fei, Sun Guoqiang, Shi Jian
2015, 34(4): 20-27.
Abstract PDF icon129 icon16
Abstract:
Using drilling core observation,casting thin sections identification,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and combining with logging and mud logging data,this study carries out a systematically research on the characteristics of diagenesis,type of diagenetic facies and favorable diagenetic facies of Paleogene Lulehe Formation sandstone in Lenghu region of the northern Qaidam Basin.The results show that reservoir compositional maturity and textural maturity are low,and the reservoir has experienced complicated diagenesis,mainly including compaction,cementation,replacement and dissolution.The reservoir in the study area is mainly at the middle diagentic stage B period.This paper classifies 4diagenetic facies belts,including dense strong compaction diagenetic facies,carbonate cement diagenetic facies,chlorite coat cementation-intergranular pore diagenetic facies,and unstable comoponents dissolution secondary pore diagenetic facies by comparing all kinds of diagenetic phenomena and features,pore types and sedimentary microfacies.The distribution of high quality reservoir has a close relationship with diagenetic facies.The reservoir property of dense strong compaction diagenetic facies and carbonate cement diagenetic facies are generally poor,mostly which are tight sandstones with low permeability mainly distributing in flank of fan delta plain river and the edge of fan delta distributary channel.However,chlorite coat cementation intergranular pore diagenetic facies and unstable comoponents dissolution secondary pore diagenetic facies mainly developing in the thick subaqueous distributary channel,the middle and the upper part in the mouth bar sand body of the fan delta front are enrichment for oil and gas reservoirs and are the favorable diagenetic facies in the study area due to the better reservoir property from primary pore and secondary pore development.
Characteristics and Classification Evaluation of Dolomite Reservoir of Lower Ordovician Ma5 Member in Northwestern Jingbian Gasfield
Liao Xiao, Wang Zhenliang, Wang Aiguo, Wei Li, Wang Yong, Zhang Baoguo
2015, 34(4): 28-34.
Abstract PDF icon154 icon19
Abstract:
Pore type of Lower Ordovician Majiagou Formation in northwestern Jingbian Gasfield,Ordos Basin,is complicated and consisting of a wide range since the Majiagou Formation has been weathered,denuded and leached for approximately 130 Ma in the process of its geological evolution.Ma51+2 and Ma514 submembers of Majiagou Formation are considered as the major natural gas reservoirs in this district,hence research on its reservoir characteristics and evaluation is significant to not only the theoretical study,but also the practical production.A deep study is carried out on dolomite reservoir by drilling cores,casting thin section,scanning electron microscope and mercury injection test.The results show that pore and fracture are the major reservoir space,and it could be divided into intercrystalline pore,intercrystalline solution pore,solution pore,gypsum mouldic pore,structural fracture,pressolution fracture and dissolution fracture.Pore structure includes four types,namely,macropore and medium-sized throat,mesopore and medium-fine throat,small pore and fine-micro throat,micropore and microthroat.On the basis of such complicated reservoir characteristics,parameters including porosity,permeability,pore structure parameter,displacement pressure,median radius and maximum mercury instrusion saturation are comprehensively considered and selected,according to which the reservoir is classified into four categories with clustering analysis,so that its storage-permeation ability is reflected in a more objective degree.
High-Temperature Thermal Events and Diagenesis of the Reservoir of the Diapiric Structure Zone in Yinggehai Basin
Wang Cuili, Zhou Wen, Xie Yuhong, Zheng Bing, Song Rongcai
2015, 34(4): 35-42.
Abstract PDF icon189 icon27
Abstract:
In order to explore the relationship between the high-temperature thermal events and diagenesis of the diapiric structure zone in Yinggehai Basin,the authors regard the formation and evolution of the mud diapirs in Yinggehai Basin as the cutting point,analyze the basis and periodicities of high-temperature thermal fluid activities,and study the main diagenesis related with the high-temperature thermal fluid activities using the information such as sheets,probes,the compositions of formation water and gas,inclusion and so on.It is found that there are high temperature mineral assemblages,and calcium,magnesium ions in high salinity formation water,high carbon dioxide content of natural gas are richer than in diapiric structure zone.Paleo geothermal temperature of the inclusions is higher than today,and its distribution and fluid ingredients show that hydrothermal activities have periodicity.Compared with the non-diapiric zone,there is a high ion concentration of K+,Ca2+ and HCO-3 in formation water,which generated from dissolution of feldspar,carbonate and other substances,and a higher proportion of the secondary porosity such as feldspar dissolved pore,intergranular solution pore,mold holes and so on in the diapiric zone.The content of carbonate cement located near the diapiric area is high,in which the cementation is comparative developed.The study concludes that there are mainly three high-temperature thermal fluid activities in the mud diapirs,and the main diagenesis which related to high-temperature thermal event are dissolution and cementation.
Effects of Formation Overpressure on Mudstone Diagenesis and Its Geological Significance in LD Block of Yinggehai Basin
Duan Wei, Luo Chengfei, Huang Xiangsheng, Lü Bo, Zuo Xiaodong, Ding Liang
2015, 34(4): 43-50.
Abstract PDF icon149 icon11
Abstract:
According to previous studies,we applied a serious of techniques,such as X-ray diffraction,thin section analysis,pyrolysis analysis and biological marker analysis,and then compared the related characteristics between the study area and adjacent normal pressure areas.Based on the previous work,we made a further analysis on the distribution of overpressure in LD block and its effects on clay mineral transformation and thermal evolution of organic matter.The results show that:①In study area,the depth of the top interface becomes deeper from basin center to margin.②Over the interface of overpressure,with the increase of depth and geotemperature,the content of montmorillonite,illite mixed montmorillonite and kaolinite gradually decreased,while the content of illite and chlorite increased.However,below the interface of overpressure,content of every component in clay mineral almost has no change which inhibited by formation overpressure.③With the increase of depth,the ratio Pr/nC17 and Ph/nC18 decreased.While below the interface of strong overpressure,the trend reversed and even appeared slight increase.Ro values,the maturity of organic matter,which are measured below the overpressure interface,also appeared significantly abnormal lower.Overpressure indirectly weakens the reservoir's cementation by inhibiting the transformation of clay minerals,which promotes the formation of deep and high-quality reservoir.Overpressure in the study area inhibits the thermal evolution of organic matter.The inhibiting effect of overpressure on hydrocarbon generation enlarges position and volume of the later valid source rock.It delays the hydrocarbon-generating and expulsion times of main source rock,which contributes to the late hydrocarbon accumulation.
Early Hercynian Karst Reconstruction and Ancient Landform Recovery: Take Area 2 in Tahe Oilfield as an Example
Zhou Limei, Zhang Jiangjiang
2015, 34(4): 51-56.
Abstract PDF icon165 icon22
Abstract:
The area 2 of Tahe oilfield of the Ordovician Yijianfang Formation reservoir is carbonate reef flat facies strata.This paper studies the characteristics of tectonic and sedimentary by analyzing reservoir cores,rock thin section,logging data and geochemical characteristics.This paper also reconstructs the top surface of Early Hercynian karst palaeogeomorphology of the study region and surrounding area by the method of combination of well and seismic,and the method of refilling and polishing.The surface is divided into 4 sub-geomorphic unit.We analyze the reservoir characteristics and diagenesis of the Ordovician reservoir,and evaluate the karst stages.The results show that the Early Hercynian karst and karst tectonic fracture is the main mechanism of reservoir reconstruction.Through the current drilling fracture cave unit distribution,combined with Early Hercynian karst palaeogeomorphology,ancient water system and fracture control,the favorable area for reservoir development zone is identified.The ring T443,TK220,T207 well near discharge Wadang northern region are the most favorable areas of karst reservoir.
Influence Factors on Magnetic Susceptibility of Marine Sedimentary Rocks
Li Bo, Wang Yan, Yan Jiaxin
2015, 34(4): 57-64,69.
Abstract PDF icon257 icon21
Abstract:
As the most basic environmental magnetic parameters,magnetic susceptibility plays an important role in the researches of stratigraphic division and correlation,reconstruction of paleoclimate and paleoenvironment.The controlling factors of magnetic susceptibility are definitive to guarantee the reliability of results.The sources of magnetic minerals in sediments are complex,which could be mainly divided into two groups:authigenic and detrital.Climate change,sea-level fluctuations,carbonate productivity,volcanism,and meteorite impacts could potentially make a contribution to the detrital sources of magnetic minerals.Besides,reduction of magnetic mineral,hydrothermal fluid activities and metabolism of magnetotactic bacteria could incorporate the formation of authigenic magnetic minerals.All of the processes mentioned above comprehensively have an influence on the magnetic susceptibility of sediments.
Tight Sandstone Microfacies and Reservoir Heterogeneity of Chang 3 of Yanchang Formation in Weibei Area,Ordos Basin
Zou Min, Xia Dongling, Wei Hehua, Pang Wen, Xue Yanmei, Wang Jing, Guo Xiujuan
2015, 34(4): 65-69.
Abstract PDF icon125 icon17
Abstract:
Based on the comprehensive core analysis,its experiment and logging data,combined with regional geological background and sand-body prediction by seismic data,the microfacies characteristics and its effects on reservoir heterogeneity of Chang 3in Weibei area are discussed.The results show that the delta front underwater distributaries channel of shallow braided delta,characterized by multiphase superposition on vertical section and rapid changes horizontally,is the main sedimentary microfacies.The thickness of this channel is between 8-23.5m,and the channel thickness of each single phase has a big difference.The scale of these channels differs significantly in eastern and western part of research area,and varies quickly along the river.The superposition sand channel has strong heterogeneity on physical property and oil saturation,mainly influenced by the scale of single phase channel.In thicker single phase channel the physical property and oil saturation gets fairly good,while as thickness of channel decreasing,it is much worse due to calcite cementation and boulder-clay.The distribution of physical property and oil saturation is controlled by underwater distributary channel.With wider channel and larger scale sand body,the porosity of single phase channel will be better and the horizontal heterogeneity will be weaker.
Pore Structure and Fractal Characteristics of Longmaxi Formation Shale in the Changning Region of Sichuan Basin
Xiong Jian, Liu Xiangjun, Liang Lixi
2015, 34(4): 70-77.
Abstract PDF icon122 icon19
Abstract:
A study on shale gas reservoir of Longmaxi Formation of Lower Silurian in the Changning region of Sichuan Basin.Using low pressure nitrogen adsorption method and fractal theory,the pore structure parameters and fractal dimensions of shale were studied.Combining with total organic matter and mineralogical constituent testing,the influence factors of the pore structure and fractal characteristics were researched.The results show that the pore structure of Longmaxi Formation shale is complicated,and the pores mainly consist of cylinder pores with two open ends,and ink-bottle pores.The pore size distribution of shale is just concentrated in the range of 1-10 nm,and the peak of the pore size is near 1.86 nm.The average pore size of shale is between 1.807 nm and 4.343 nm.A negative correlation was found among TOC,silica and average pore size,whereas there is positive correlation between clay and average pore size,and which the TOC content has significant impact on.The BJH pore volume of shale is concentrated in the range of 0.010 76-0.025 04 cm3/g,and the BET pore specific surface area is between 5.416 m2/g and 25.958 m2/g.The BJH pore volume and the BET pore specific surface area were positive correlation with TOC,silica,and had reverse correlation with clay,carbonate.The fractal dimensions of pore structure of shale have the dual fractal feature.The fractal dimension values of the small pore structure are 2.091 8-2.653 7,and the fractal dimension values of the big pore structure are the 2.724 8-2.857 5.The big pore structure,with larger fractal dimension value,shows higher degree of complex than the small pore structure.There is a positive correlation among the fractal dimension values and specific surface area,pore volume.The fractal dimension values were positive correlation with TOC,silica,and had reverse correlation with clay,carbonate.Especially,it is found that the TOC,silica and clay have significant impact on the complexity of pore structure of shale.
Comparison of Fluid Activities between Fault and Unconformity Zones in the Central Junggar Basin
Yuan Yunfeng, Cao Jian, Hu Wenxuan, Li Xiao, Luo Huifen
2015, 34(4): 78-83.
Abstract PDF icon135 icon10
Abstract:
Fault and unconformity are important conduits for hydrocarbon migration and accumulation.However,the difference of fluid activities between these two conduits is not well constrained.In this paper,we address this issue based on a case study in the central Junggar Basin,mainly by the analysis of mineralogical and petrological records of fluid activities.Resultsshow that the fluid activity in the fault zones is complex.The fault acts as good conduits for hydrocarbon migration in an episodic style during activating period,with the fluid source mainly coming from deep petroleum fluid and meteoric water.This is similar to the case in the reservoir underlying the unconformity.In contrast,the fluids activating in the reservoir overlying the unconformity are different and relatively simple,i.e.,petroleum fluid.Generally,the intensity of fluid activity in fault zones is stronger than that in unconformity zones.The cross of fault and unconformity is the most favorable for the activity of petroleum fluid.Along the distance to unconformity,the fluid activity decreases.These results provide scientific foundation for regional petroleum exploration,and can also be referred by similar studies in other cases.
Geological Characteristics and Comprehensive Prospecting Model of the Haergagalinen Copper-Gold Deposit,Western Tianshan
Zhao Zhixin, Yang Baorong, Chen Dong, Liang Shengnan, Tian Ning, Li Shaodong, Zhong Songshu
2015, 34(4): 84-91.
Abstract PDF icon149 icon11
Abstract:
The Haergagalinen copper-gold deposit is located in the eastern Awulale Fe-Cu-Au metallogenic belt in western Tianshan.The strata in the mining area are mainly Lower Carboniferous Aikendaban Formation.The igneous activity mainly brings Late Variscian diorites with the main structures here NNW and NW tending faults.At present,6copper and copper-gold ore bodies have been found in athrogene of Aikendaban Formation,whose ore minerals are mainly chalcopyrite,bornite and molybdenite.Alterations in the mining area are very extensive and in conspicuous zonation as same as the porphyry deposits.The 1∶1 000geology-geochemistry section explorations reveal the unanimous change of the element of Cu,Au,Mo,Ag,which is in register with the ore bodies and alliterated belts.The results of TEM and the magnetic survey show that there speculated to be ore-bearing porphyries in the deep of the SE area of orebody II &III.Information is extracted by summarizing the characters of geology,geochemistry and geophysics of the mining area.The authors build acomprehensive prospecting model to analyze the next prospecting direction,then prospect that there is huge potential for exploring the porphyry polymetalic deposit in this region by summarizing the geological,geochemical and geophysical characters of the deposit.The target area should be lower than 3 000 mof the high resistance of TEM,magnetic anomaly and abnormal elements groups superimposed region.
Application of Complexity of Element Method in Geochemical Anomaly Studying and Metallogenic Prediction in the Dunbasitao Gold Mine,Qinghe County,Xinjiang
Zhang Yangyang, Yang Baorong, Wei Junhao, Wang Dazhao, Shi Wenjie, Zhao Shaoqing, Li Huan, Liang Shengnan
2015, 34(4): 92-99.
Abstract PDF icon123 icon9
Abstract:
Geochemical anomaly studying is one of the important problems of geochemical exploration and is crucial for effective abnormal.In this paper,the authors make a study on the soil geochemistry measurement data of 1∶10 000 from Dunbasitao gold mine,and calculate the anomaly lower thresholds of elements by content-area fractal model.Then the authors build complexity of the element metrics to draw the complexity of the elements map by assigning each element abnormal points,and make an evaluation of oreprospecting potential for the four high value area of complexity of the elements.According to geological features in combination with complexity of the elements analyzed,two major target areas for further prospecting are selected andⅠore-prospecting area is confirmed mineralization favorable area.Three ore bodies are exposed in west ofⅠore-prospecting area and provide a basis for further prospecting,suggesting that the method is also suitable in metallogenic prediction.
Primary Halos Characteristics and Deep Prediction of the No.L8 Orebody at the Dunbasitao Gold Deposit,East Junggar
Liang Shengnan, Zhao Zhixin, Chen Dong, Tian Ning, Li Huan, Liu Fulin, Li Hongbo, Liu Wenwu
2015, 34(4): 100-107.
Abstract PDF icon155 icon8
Abstract:
The ore-body No.L8 of Dunbasitao gold deposit is one of the most important ore-bodies in this area.By analyzing its primary halos characters and establishing the model of the overlapped primary halos,it can provide some valued evidence for the deep prospecting.This paper chooses the No.0,No.8,No.7,and No.11 exploration lines and sampling where the drill exposed the ore-body.It is resulted that the sequence of No.0and No.8exploration lines and No.7and No.11 exploration lines are Mo-Cu-Au-As-SbAg-Zn-Hg-Co-Pb and Hg-Zn-Mo-As-Au-Ag-Pb-Cu-Co-Sb.It shows that the ore-body both extends into the deep at the No.0,No.8,No.7and No.11 exploration lines,but it may extend deeper at the No.7,No.11 than the No.0,No.8exploration lines.It is advised the later exploration work should at the depth of lower than 800 min the No.7and No.11 exploration lines.In addition,the later exploration engineering had verified the opinions above.
Main Controlling Factors of Fracture Network Formation of Volume Fracturing in Shale Reservoirs and Its Evaluation Method
He Jianhua, Ding Wenlong, Wang Zhe, Lan Baofeng, Zhao Jinli, Zhao Dong
2015, 34(4): 108-118.
Abstract PDF icon226 icon20
Abstract:
Volume fracturing in shale reservoirs can effectively connect the natural fractures for forming fracture network system.It can enormously improve the productivity of shale gas,and obtain the economic benefits of shale gas exploitation as soon as possible.Thus,the fracture network formation of volume fracturing is particularly important.On the basis of the literature research of volume fracturing research findings and shale's test data around the world,research shows the fracture network formation of volume fracturing is mainly influenced by three controlling factors.① According to quality of shale reservoirs,higher brittle mineral contents of rock and Young modulus,lower fracture toughness,Poisson's ratio,strain energy release rate,and reservoir sensitivity(good fracture-ability)will be constructive to easier formation of fracture network.② According to favorable geological background conditions,lower stress anisotropy,better developed natural fractures and smaller approaching angle can be good for better extension and propagation for hydraulic fractures extending into network.③ According to opportune engineering conditions of fracturing operations,including the pressure and orientation of fracture initiation,the performance of proppant and fracturing fluid and fluid volume and pump delivery of fracturing and so on,their rational use will be more helpful to the formation of fully propagated fracture-network.Additionally,the evaluation methods of the above controlling factors are laboratory experiments,numerical simulation software and fracturing monitoring.This study has important theoretical value and practical significance to the understanding of shale reservoir's fracture-network formation mechanism and can improve the science of shale reservoir fracturing design.
Geological Character of Accommodation Zone and Its Importance in Controlling Accumulation of Oil and Gas in Lake Albert Basin
Cai Wenjie, Han Wenming, Xu Zhigang, Jie Dongning
2015, 34(4): 119-123.
Abstract PDF icon174 icon8
Abstract:
Accommodation zone is an important structural deformation in rift basins,and the eastern part of Africa is the most desirable area of study.The geological character of accommodation zone in the Lake Albert Basin and its importance in controlling hydrocarbon accumulation has been deeply analyzed based on regional tectonic,sedimentary and reservoir formation studies.As for accommodation structural system in the extension area,traps(mainly faulted block traps)are more developed.Larger drainage systems are able to enter and provide a large input of clastic material into rift basins along the relay ramp,which is a kind of accommodation zone.In addition to this,accommodation zones often connect with hydrocarbon generation kitchens.All this demonstrates that accommodation zones have very strong controlling effects on hydrocarbon accumulation in rift basins.
Microscopic Pore Structure and Movable Fluid Saturation of Ultra Low Permeability Reservoir
Zheng Qinghua, Liu Yiqun
2015, 34(4): 124-131.
Abstract PDF icon161 icon8
Abstract:
The reservoir of Chang 4+5 Member of Yanchang Formation is characterized by ultra low permeability and complicated microscopicpore structure in Zhenbei area,Odors Basin.Conventional methods such as casting slice,scanning electron microscope(SEM)and physical properties can analyze petrological characteristics and pore structure types qualitatively,and can't analyze the quality of this reservoir reasonably.It should be combined with unconventional methods such as contant-speed mercury injection and nuclear magnetic resonance technique(NMR),in order to analyze the microscopicpore structure and movable fluid quantitatively of ultra low permeability reservoir.The results showed that the microscopicpore structure and physical properties of ultra low permeability reservoir were caused by impact of sedimentation and diagenesis.Ultra low permeability reservoir is characterized by the average throat radius,usually the bigger average throat radius,the bigger permeability,the more movable fluid saturation,and the better quality,especially if the average throat radius was smaller than 1.26 μm and the permeability smaller than 1.0×10-3 μm2.Comprehensive studies have shown that the microscopicpore structure and the development quality of ultra low permeability reservoir was mainly controlled by throats.
Estimation of Paleogene Wenchang Formation Resources and Exploration Direction in AB Depression,Pearl River Mouth Basin
Yu Wang, Guo Jianhua, Liu Chensheng, Zhang Linting, Xiao Pan, Zhou Runxuan
2015, 34(4): 132-138.
Abstract PDF icon135 icon14
Abstract:
AB Depression is one of the major petroleum contribution areas in Peal River Mouth Basin,and it is significant to the research of source rock characteristics and petroleum resources.Source rocks of Wenchang Formation have large thickness and wide distribution area,with Ⅰ-Ⅱ1 organic matter which reaches 2.27% on average and develops in middle-deep lacustrine facies.There are relatively few geochemical data in AB Depression.The third sequence as the basic unit goes on estimating quantity of hydrocarbon generation and quantity of resources of Wenchang Formation for the four sub-sags which are the A1,A2,A3 and A4,with the next area and comprehensive information.Resources of the four sub-sags are 1.007×108,1.343×108,2.545×108 t and 1.705×108 t respectively.Estimation result shows that A3sub-sag is the most favorable,A4sub-sag followed,A2sub-sag of again,A1sub-sag is minimal.The research area has updip pinch-out and lenticular trap.Because of the feature of oil and gas which has gathered nearby,the big oil and gas reservoir is located in north central of AB Depression.
Calculation of Shale Gas Reserves Based on the Volume of Adsorbed Gas
Xiong Yu, Xiong Wanli, Liu Qiguo, Yu Xiang, Wang Zhong
2015, 34(4): 139-143.
Abstract PDF icon166 icon236
Abstract:
Shale gas mainly consists of two parts:the adsorbed and free state in shale formation with numerous microfractures.The accurate evaluation of the free gas in the fracture is very important for the early extraction of shale gas.Based on the material balance principle,Langmuir isotherm adsorption model,Bangham solid deformation theory,and the matrix system taken into consideration,the fracture system and the volume of adsorbed gas as the pressure changes,the material balance equation of shale gas is deduced.The equation is linearized to a straight line.The result shows that with the volume of adsorbed gas involved,the free gas in the matrix decreases,as well as the adsorbed gas decreases,while the free gas in the fracture systems increases,and the original gas in place decreases.The model is more realistic and the result is more accurate than it used to be.
Genetic Differences of the Subsequent Condensates in Yaha Area,Kuche Depression
Yang Haijun, Wu Nan, Li Yong, Lei Ganglin, Sun Xiongwei
2015, 34(4): 144-148.
Abstract PDF icon134 icon10
Abstract:
Yaha Oilfield is the most hydrocarbon province in Tarim Basin,which widely developed the condensates in the Triassic reservoir.Geochemical analysis illustrates that the condensate oil is low mature with Ronear 0.7%,which reflects the characteristic of the subsequent condensates.Moreover,the changing tendency of the light component describes a obvious figure of phase fractionation that controls the generation of the condensates.The phase characteristics of the condensates can be clarified into two types:first is the saturated condensates that have a small difference between the FMP and DPP,which mainly develop around the YH7 well;another is the unsaturated reservoir that have a large difference between the FMP and DPP,which develop in the YH3 well and YH6 well area.The generation of the secondary condensates is controlled by the multiple episode of the hydrocarbon charging.Slight amount of the oil charged the YH1 and YH5 well without YH3 well area in the early episode.Moreover,great quantity of dry gas invaded the YH1 well and YH7 well area,which turned YH3 well area into unsaturated condensate by both the change of temperature and pressure and the light component migrated by dry gas.
Influential Factors and Characteritstics of Chang 4+5 Reservoir in Yanchang Formation in Zhenbei-Huanxian Area of Ordos Basin
Liu Xin, Zhang Xiaolei, Zhao Yingquan, Zhang Huiruo, Zhang Zhongyi, Shi Ziwei, Deng Xiuqin
2015, 34(4): 149-157.
Abstract PDF icon135 icon15
Abstract:
Chang 4+5oil reservoir is one of the important new strata product replacements in ZhenbeiHuanxian area of Ordos Basin.By the research of the reservoir petrology and physical properties and pore structure and influential factor of reservoir,the composition of the rock types are mainly feldspathic lithic sandstone and lithic sandstone,and the pore types are mainly intergranular pore and dissolved pore and the pore combination with small pore and fine throat.Mercury injection experiment shows that better pore structure,mainstream throat radius,the reservoir overall is relatively good.Average porosity and permeability are 11.5% and 1.47×10-3 μm2.The cause of relatively high permeability reservoir is the main sedimentary and diagenesis,among them the sedimentation controlls the distribution of sand bodies and growth is relatively high permeability reservoir in the main part of the river which influences the particle size of sandstone body composition and sand reservoir properties.Favorable diagenesis controlls the distribution of relatively high permeability reservoir,with strong corrosion,weak compaction and cementation.It is an important cause leading to relatively high permeability reservoir in Zhenbei-Huanxian area.
Research Review on the Theory of Fractured Horizontal Well Seepage
He Jun, Fan Zifei, Song Heng, Li Kongchou, Yao Jiangyuan, Kong Lulin
2015, 34(4): 158-164.
Abstract PDF icon133 icon9
Abstract:
The study of the seepage laws of a single fracture is the beginning of the theory of fractured horizontal wells,and based on it,the productivity and pressure performance analysis theory of horizontal wells is established gradually.This paper conducts a systematic review of the development process of the theory.The foreign research emphasizes on building up a mathematic model and using the method of source function,three linear flow model and numerical method to solve.The domestic research focuses on the productivity of fractured horizontal wells.The main methods to analyze the productivity of fractured horizontal wells include the fracture potential function distribution,conformal mapping method,fracture discrete approach,equivalent radius method,source function and green function method,and the merits and demerits of these methods are evaluated.This paper analyzes the existing problems in the seepage theory of fractured horizontal wells,and points out the development tendency of the fractured horizontal well seepage theory.
Evaluation of Thermal Oil Driver for Carbonate Heavy Oil Reservoir
Wang Yuanqing, Lin Zhangzhi, Wang Liansheng, Li Ying, Cheng Zhongfu
2015, 34(4): 165-169.
Abstract PDF icon147 icon14
Abstract:
According to high steam injection pressure,poor steam injection effect,high oil viscosity,low production efficient in steam huff-and-puff on Syria Oudeh carbonate reservoir,we develop a new oil driver system named XLYO-1which consists of petroleum sulfonate,alpha olefin sulfonates,polyoxyethylene ether and schiff base.The testing results show that the oil driver has multiple functions.The interface tension of oil driver can reach 10-2 mN·m-1 after it is disposed at 300℃,and the oil viscosity reduction can get above 90%at very low concentration of oil driver.Meanwhile,oil driver can achieve wettability reversal,and change the oil wet formation to the water wet formation.These multiple functions can reduce the steam injection pressure,and delay the steam breakthrough,and finally improve the displacement efficiency.
Deterioration Mechanism of Shear Strength of Badong Formation Soft Rocks in the Hydro-Fluctuation Belt of Three Gorges Reservoir
Jian Wenxing, Li Shijin, Tao Liang
2015, 34(4): 170-175.
Abstract PDF icon182 icon11
Abstract:
With the periodic impounding and draining of the Three Gorges Project,the rocks and soils in the hydro-fluctuation belt would undergo "wetting and drying" cycles under the influence of reservoir water fluctuation.The mechanical strength of rocks and soils would deteriorate due to the effects of dryingwetting,and it would cause great damage to the bank slope stability,which might further induce a catastrophic geo-hazard.This study was performed to investigate the changes in the mechanical parameters of soft rocks from Badong Formation under the influence of wetting and drying cycles.For this purpose,the shearing test under different wetting and drying cycles was conducted to simulate the process of water-rock interaction on bank slopes during fluctuation of water level with Badong Formation soft rocks,and to explore the deteriorated shear strength of soft rocks under drying-wetting cycles.The mineral compositions of selected samples of soft rocks were measured to investigate the weathering and slaking mechanism of soft rocks in the hydro-fluctuation by X-ray diffraction experiment.The test results show that the greatest deterioration in values of shear strength for T2b2 and T2b4 was observed after 1and 3-5cycles,respectively.The deterioration mechanism was different in T2b2 and T2b4,the shear strength deterioration in T2b2 was due to the expansibility of montmorillonite,and that in T2b4 was due to the development of fracture pressure.Research results may have an important reference for stability analysis of reservoir bank slopes.
Geotechnical Slope Stability Analysis and the Design of Anti-Slide Pile Based on Strength Reduction FEM
Xian Yujian, Chen Xuejun, Wang Zhigang, Zhao Zhiyong
2015, 34(4): 176-182.
Abstract PDF icon180 icon15
Abstract:
This article,based on strength reduction FEM,combined with the ANSYS software with strength reduction analysis function,treats rainstorm condition as the most disadvantaged control condition,and uses the Drucker-Prage associated flow rule under plane strain condition(DP4)and the comprehensive criterion of instability and failure of slope,and takes on the strength reduction simulation for the natural state of high cutting slope and the reinforcement state of cutting slope respectively in Sangjiangbei district,Longsheng.This paper has obtained each state's the most dangerous sliding surface location,shape and the strength reserve safety factor of slope in the critical state.Through the continuum model of pile-soil interaction and the path operations function of ANSYS software,the article has got the design thrust of landslide and the internal force and distribution of anti-slide pile in the critical state.When compared the analysis results with the traditional limit equilibrium method,we find that the difference is small and this method is more fitted with the actual situation of slope.The comprehensive analysis shows that the method is a feasible and effective new way in terms of geotechnical landslide disaster prevention,and it has own special advantages and broad development prospects.
Mechanical Properties and Brittleness Evaluation of Longmaxi Shale Rock of Changning Demonstration Area in Sichuan Basin
Yang Baogang, Pan Renfang, Zhao Dan, Li Zhuowen, Gao Bole
2015, 34(4): 183-188.
Abstract PDF icon172 icon17
Abstract:
Mechanical properties of shale rock play an important role in the development of shale gas.This paper focuses on analyzing the mechanical and brittle characteristics of shale rock by taking the Longmaxi Silurian shale clay of Changning demonstration area in Sichuan Basin as an example by the methods of mineral composition analysis,geophysical log analysis and laboratory mechanics measurement.The mechanical properties(the content of brittle mineral,Poisson's ratio,Young's modulus,brittle rock,and triaxial stress)are compared between the Long 1section and Long 2section of Longmaxi Formation.The results show that Long 2section has higher brittle mineral content than the Long 1section,but the slope of aspect slowness diagrams and Poisson's ratio have the opposite trends,and the Young's modulus from the samples of Long 1section is lower than the Long 2section.The Young's modulus-Poisson's ratio diagram indicates that the Long 1and Long 2section are separation.The shale brittle index of Long 2section is greater than 0.5and the negative strain curve is very steep.The summary conclusions include the Long 2section has a lower Poisson's ratio,lower aspect slowness ratio and higher Young model value,and the Long 1 section is more deformable than long 2.Therefore,the Long 2section is more brittle than Long 1which is better for press crack.
Effect of Decay Exponential in Hydraulic Conductivity with Depth on Groundwater Flow System Based on Flux Upper Boundary
Zhang Manfei, Sun Ronglin, Liang Xing
2015, 34(4): 189-193.
Abstract PDF icon187 icon22
Abstract:
The theory of groundwater flow system is the core conceptual framework of contemporary hydrogeology.It is very important to study the influence of different control factors to the groundwater flow system development pattern.Researches of recent years have put forward that flux upper boundary can better reveal the influence of different factors to the change of the groundwater flow system pattern.We simulate basin groundwater flow system based on flux upper boundary and study the influence of decayed hydraulic conductivity with depth to the change of groundwater flow system pattern when the flow is steady.Studies show that with the attenuation speed of hydraulic conductivity increasing,the water level raises and the velocities of the upper basin increase,and the hydraulic gradient increases.Meanwhile,the groundwater flow system is varied from complex multi-order flow system to a local flow system.The spaces of antegrade local flow systems become smaller and that of reverse local flow systems become bigger.The circular areas whose velocity is approximate to zero move to the lower left corner.
TEM Analysis of Seawater Intrusion of Groundwater Particles in Pearl River Delta,Guangzhou
Yi Zebang, Liu Qianhong, Cao Jianjing, Lai Peixin, Peng Yijun, Zhang Jian, Bin Lan
2015, 34(4): 194-199.
Abstract PDF icon152 icon12
Abstract:
The groundwater salinization has been a long time problem in Guangzhou region.This paper uses transmission electron microscopy(TEM)to explore the reason of groundwater salinization and to evaluate the salinization degree.This paper mainly observes the morphology of the groundwater particles and the degree of crystallization,structure and chemical composition to summary and conclude the particles characteristics,and then,the particles characteristics of groundwater are compared with the particles characteristics of seawater.At the end,this paper discusses the feasibility of application of particles characteristics on the salinization reason detection and evaluation.The results show that the Cl value in different particles is different in different salinization degree samples,and the higher salinization degree the higher the Cl value in the particles.Meanwhile,Sr,Ba elements in the groundwater particles are observed from the saline groundwater samples which is regarded as a tracer of ocean water.It means that the group of groundwater has disseminated by seawater in different degree.The results indicate that the groundwater particles of the study area inherit the particulate characteristics of ocean water particles.The reason of Guangzhou groundwater salinization is due to seawater intrusion.Therefore analysis and evaluation seawater intrusion via particles characteristics analysis is feasible.Similarly,this method also can be used for water pollution investigation and study of groundwater prospecting.
New Measurement Technique for Stable Chlorine and Oxygen Isotopic Compositions of Perchlorate
Li Xiaoqian, Fang Ling, Liu Yunde, Zhang Mengnan
2015, 34(4): 200-204.
Abstract PDF icon147 icon16
Abstract:
Stable chlorine and oxygen isotopic compositions of perchlorate can provide an important analytical tool for tracing sources as well as monitoring and evaluating its degradation pathways and remediation effects.In order to develop a new technique for the determination of stable chlorine and oxygen isotopic compositions of perchlorate,a vacuum isotope preparation system is established using a vacuum pyrolysis method,combined with a GasBenII-IRMS online measurement.The vacuum pyrolysis system showed high stability,with the best pyrolysis temperature of 650℃and a minimum amount of 10 μmol ClO-4.The analytical precisions of δ18O,Δ17O and δ37Cl are 0.3‰,0.04‰ and 0.1‰,respectively,which is consistent with international level.This isotopic measurement can provide advanced means for prevention and remediation research on environmental contamination of perchlorate.
Development of Integrated Management System Based on WCF with Geology and Mineral Resources Data
Wang Lina, Tang Xiangdan, Zhang Shizhong
2015, 34(4): 205-211.
Abstract PDF icon146 icon8
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A service-oriented data integration method is proposed by analyzing the necessity of geology and mineral resources data integration and its trends in development.Unlike previous service-oriented geology and mineral resources data integration based on Web Service technology,the author designed an integrated management system of geology and mineral resources data based on WCF.As a subsystem of mineral resources and energy sensing evaluation system,the function of integrated management of geological and mineral data and fast queries are accomplished.
Determinating Effective Porosity by the Combination of Three-Dimensional Laser Scanning and Gas Displacement
Wei Yaqiang, Li Guomin, Dong Yanhui
2015, 34(4): 212-216.
Abstract PDF icon125 icon8
Abstract:
The effective porosity has an important significance for the study of porous media liquid.Therefore,in order to determinate it,it is particularly important to explore new accurate methods.An approach of calculating effective porosity by the combination of three-dimensional laser scanning and gas displacement method(3DLS-GD)was proposed in this research.The volume of the core can be obtained through3 DLS,and the effective porosity can be acquired by utilizing Helium displacement method.Experiments show that volume calculated by 3DLS is more accurate than the default volume,and it can reduce the error of 3.92%.Scanned volume and surface area increase with the enlargement of the scanning resolution.The effective porosity calculated by 3DLS-GD method is closer to the actual situation than the results calculated by default volume,and it can reduce the error of 16.550 3%,43.232 6%in sand samples.

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